MOCK 2024-2025 Flashcards
Which of the following chemicals are NOT found in e vapes?
a. Pentane
b. Formaldehyde
c. Toluene
d. Methyl benzaldehyde
e. Acrolein
a. Pentane
A hydrophilic matrix releases the drug following which of the patterns below?
a. Water absorbed into the tablet, swelling of the matrix, diffusion and erosion
b. Water absorbed through the matrix, reach the core of drug, core dissolves and the tablet fragments and dissolve completely
c. Water absorbed through the enteric coat channels, water dissolve and weakens the tablet which results in the fragmentation and release of tablets
d. Water absorbed through the matrix, dissolving the soluble blockers, drugs dissolve in water and escape through the micro-channels
e. Water absorbed through the hydrophilic coat, reach the enteric coat which dissolve in intestine allowing the release of drug
a. Water absorbed into the tablet, swelling of the matrix, diffusion and erosion
What injectable route involves administration into the adipose tissue layer below the skin?
a. Intradermal
b. Intraperitoneal
c. Intraarticular
d. Intravenous
e. Subcutaneous
e. Subcutaneous
What is the role of surfactant in stabilising an emulsion?
a. Reducing pH
b. Reducing temperature
c. Reducing interfacial (surface) tension
d. Reducing viscosity
e. Reducing droplet size
c. Reducing interfacial (surface) tension
Mr Toni Lee is a 43 year old man who has recently been experiencing a cough, some wheezing and chest tightness. His GP prescribed a Ventolin (salbutamol) inhaler for him and asked him to monitor how many times he is using it. What would be the appropriate course of action according to the BTS/SIGN guidelines if the patient was using the SABA more than three times per week?
a. Add a long-acting beta 2 agonist
b. Regular AIR therapy
c. Add a long-acting beta 2 agonist and discontinue salbutamol
d. Add a Low Dose ICS Inhaler and a long-acting beta 2 agonist
e. Add Montelukast
b. Regular AIR therapy
Which of the following products can cause rebound congestion if used for more than 7 days?
a. Codeine
b. Fluticasone
c. Guaifenesin
d. Pseudoephedrine
e. Ibuprofen
d. Pseudoephedrine
CHA2Ds2-Vasc score should only be used by clinicians in situation where the patient has which ONE of the following co-morbidities?
a. Hypertension
b. Myocardial infarction
c. Atrial fibrillation
d. Diabetes mellitus
e. Previous route or transient ischaemic attack (TIA)
c. Atrial fibrillation
Which ONE of the following statements about back pain is CORRECT?
a. People age 18-20 most commonly experience back pain
b. Sciatica back pain never radiates
c. A person’s job is not a risk factor for developing back pain
d. Acute and sudden onset back pain is never caused by muscle strain
e. Pain that radiates into the buttocks, thigh and legs can involve root nerve compression
e. Pain that radiates into the buttocks, thigh and legs can involve root nerve compression
After an echocardiogram which of ONE these ejection fractions would suggest the person has heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?
a. 35%
b. 41%
c. 45%
d. 51%
e. 55%
a. 35%
Which ONE of the following symptoms is a common side effect of glyceryl trinitrate spray?
a. Dyspepsia
b. Rash
c. Ear pain
d. Headache
e. Shortness of breath
d. Headache
Antiplatelets are preferred to anticoagulants for long term secondary prevention of ischaemic stroke caused by Atrial fibrillation. Which ONE of these tests could be used to help diagnose a clot in a blood vessel in the lungs?
a. Echocardiogram
b. NT proBNP test
c. C reactive protein test
d. INR check
e. CTPA (computed tomography pulmonary angiography)
e. CTPA (computed tomography pulmonary angiography)
Which ONE of these treatments may improve heart failure symptoms and reduce hospitalisation but does not have evidence for reduced mortality?
a. Candesartan
b. Eplerenone
c. Digoxin
d. Perindopril
e. Carvedilol
c. Digoxin
Which ONE of the following are the sensory neurons involved in the pain signalling pathway?
a. Motor neurons
b. Nociceptors
c. Multipolar neurons
d. Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) neurons
e. Axons
b. Nociceptors
What is the mechanism of action of amoxicillin?
a. It inhibits the synthesis of DNA
b. It causes the degradation of the cell wall
c. It inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome
d. It alters the permeability of the bacterial membrane
e. It inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of the cell wall.
e. It inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of the cell wall.
Which of the following is unlikely to be a mechanism for the onset of antimicrobial resistance?
a. The presence of an efflux pump
b. Decreased cell permeability to the antimicrobial drug
c. Increased rate of metabolism of the drug in the patient
d. Altered drug target
e. Presence of enzymes capable of inactivating the drug
c. Increased rate of metabolism of the drug in the patient
If a patient with sciatica is prescribed an NSAID, which ONE of the following statements is CORRECT?
a. Treatment will usually be life-long
b. All patients should have a proton pump inhibitor co-prescribed
c. The cardiotoxicity of individual agents should be considered before one is chosen
d. COX-II Inhibitors are the preferred NSAIDs for most patients
e. Patients should be advised to self-medicate with over the counter preparations rather than obtain treatment via a prescription
c. The cardiotoxicity of individual agents should be considered before one is chosen
Which of the following statements regarding the use of DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis is CORRECT?
a. They may take at least 3-4 months for remission to be achieved
b. Methotrexate should never be used with NSAIDs
c. A patient should never be prescribed two DMARDs in combination
d. Any of the antimalarials may be used to treat the condition
e. Doses of leflunomide need to be increased slowly
a. They may take at least 3-4 months for remission to be achieved
Which ONE of the following statements about the use of NSAIDs in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) is CORRECT?
a. They are only used to treat flares of the disease
b. Patients will experience the full analgesic effect after two days
c. They should be avoided in all patients that have asthma
d. COX-2 inhibitors are preferred
e. Topical preparations should be tried before oral formulations
e. Topical preparations should be tried before oral formulations
The hierarchy of evidence is a system for ranking research studies based on which ONE of the following?
a. Number of papers published each year
b. Strength and quality of evidence
c. The number of participants recruited to the study
d. The size of the research team
e. The amount of data acquired
b. Strength and quality of evidence
Calculate the initial concentration of theophylline in a patient’s blood if they received a single i.v. bolus dose of 0.45g aminophylline. The mean theophylline volume of distribution is 36 L and aminophylline contains 80% (w/w) theophylline. Which ONE of the following values is the initial concentration of theophylline?
Equation: V = Dose / C0
a. 10 mg/L
b. 100 mcg/L
c. 125 mcg/L
d. 16.2 mg/L
e. 0.0125 g/L
a. 10 mg/L
The Pan Mersey formulary incorporates a ‘RAG’ system to ensure medicines are used safely and effectively in all areas of healthcare. What colour RAG status does the following statement describe?
‘These medicines are still being evaluated according to local processes and a decision on whether to commission their use has not yet been made. Not recommended for prescribing at this time, further guidance will be issued when more information or evidence is made available.’
a. Green
b. Black
c. Purple
d. Grey
e. Red
d. Grey
Which ONE of the below is the type of antiviral medication aciclovir belongs to?
a. Nucleoside analogue
b. Integrase inhibitor
c. CCR5 receptor agonist
d. Fusion inhibitor
e. Protease inhibitor
a. Nucleoside analogue
Which ONE of the following statements about the body’s movement is CORRECT?
a. Abduction is the movement of a limb towards the midline
b. Rotation is the movement of a limb away from the midline
c. Adduction is the increased angle of a joint, so the attached bones are pushed further apart
d. Extension is the movement of a bone around a longitudinal axis
e. Flexion is the decreased angle of a joint, so the attached bones are brought closer together
e. Flexion is the decreased angle of a joint, so the attached bones are brought closer together
What is the primary importance of mucosal vaccination?
a. To eliminate the need for booster shots
b. To ensure lifelong immunity against all diseases
c. Can be used to treat existing infections
d. Stimulates immune responses at mucosal surfaces, offering protection where many infections begin
e. To target intracellular pathogens exclusively
Which of the following statements regarding nebulisers is correct
a. All nebulisers require the use of compressed air
b. There is no risk of medication loss with vibrating mesh nebulisers
c. Nebulisers are always the most convenient and efficient method of delivering inhaled medications
d. Nebulisers convert liquid medication into a fine mist or aerosol for inhalation
e. There is no risk of contamination with the use of nebulisers
d. Nebulisers convert liquid medication into a fine mist or aerosol for inhalation
What is the role of a Qualified Person under GMP regulations?
a. Approving every batch of a medical product for sale
b. Marketing pharmaceutical products
c. Conducting primary research on new drugs
d. Supervising production workers
e. Designing cleanroom layouts
a. Approving every batch of a medical product for sale
In which one of the following cases would you report it to the appropriate agency?
a. A child suffering an upset stomach after taking flucloxacillin an antibiotic
b. A patient having slight indigestion after taking ibuprofen
c. A child having a seizure after taking ciprofloxacin an antibiotic
d. A patient having a slight redness of the arm after having a flu vaccine
e. An adult patient having mild diarrhoea after taking amoxicillin an antibiotic
c. A child having a seizure after taking ciprofloxacin an antibiotic
Which of the following statements regarding Responsible Pharmacist regulations are INCORRECT?
a. If there is more than one pharmacist working in a pharmacy, only one may be the responsible pharmacist
b. The responsible pharmacist is legally required to review SOPs
c. The responsible pharmacist regulations replace the requirement to have a pharmacist in personal control of a pharmacy
d. The sale of P medicines cannot occur in the absence of the responsible pharmacist
e. The pharmacy record, listing the details of who the responsible pharmacist is on any particular day and time, must be kept for 2 years
e. The pharmacy record, listing the details of who the responsible pharmacist is on any particular day and time, must be kept for 2 years
Which of the following products comprises methacrylic acid as an excipient?
a. Naproxen 250mg GR tablets
b. Aspirin 300mg dispersible tablets
c. Paracetamol 500mg capsules
d. Ibuprofen 100mg/5ml oral suspension
e. Morphine sulfate 10mg controlled release tablets
a. Naproxen 250mg GR tablets
