Mobility Exem

Question 1

Which condition is characterized by decreased bone density, increasing fracture risk?

A) Osteoarthritis
B) Disuse Syndrome
C) Osteoporosis
D) Joint Replacement

Answer 1

Answer: C
Rationale: Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone density, which increases the risk of fractures

Question 2

Which of the following is a primary risk factor for hip fractures in elderly patients?

A) High physical activity
B) Obesity
C) Low bone density
D) High calcium intake

Answer 2

Answer: C
Rationale: Low bone density is a major risk factor for hip fractures, especially in older adults with osteoporosis​

Question 3

What is a common clinical finding in patients with osteoarthritis?

A) Bilateral joint pain
B) Weight-bearing joint pain
C) Joint swelling only during nighttime
D) High fever

Answer 3

Answer: B
Rationale: Osteoarthritis typically affects weight-bearing joints, leading to pain and stiffness, especially with activity

Question 4

Which medication is commonly used to manage osteoporosis by inhibiting bone resorption?

A) Muscle relaxers
B) Calcium supplements
C) Bisphosphonates
D) Glucosamine chondroitin

Answer 4

Answer: C
Rationale: Bisphosphonates are used in osteoporosis to reduce bone loss by inhibiting bone resorption

Question 5

Which intervention is essential in preventing disuse syndrome in immobilized patients?

A) Restricting fluid intake
B) Encouraging complete bed rest
C) Passive range-of-motion exercises
D) Restricting nutritional intake

Answer 5

Answer: C
Rationale: Passive range-of-motion exercises help maintain muscle tone and prevent complications of immobility in patients at risk for disuse syndrome​

Question 6

What is a common cause of joint replacement surgery?

A) Muscle weakness
B) High bone density
C) Severe joint damage due to osteoarthritis
D) Osteoporosis

Answer 6

Answer: C
Rationale: Joint replacement is often performed to relieve pain and restore function in joints severely damaged by osteoarthritis​

Question 7

Which finding would you expect in a patient with a hip fracture?

A) Shortened and externally rotated leg
B) Increased range of motion
C) Swelling only on the opposite leg
D) High fever

Answer 7

Answer: A
Rationale: A hip fracture often causes the affected leg to appear shortened and externally rotated

Question 8

What is a primary clinical manifestation of osteoporosis?

A) Increased muscle mass
B) Low body weight
C) Kyphosis (spinal curvature)
D) Joint stiffness

Answer 8

Answer: C
Rationale: Kyphosis, or spinal curvature, is a common manifestation of osteoporosis due to weakened vertebrae

Question 9

Which of the following interventions is crucial after a hip replacement surgery?

A) Keeping the patient in a prone position
B) Encouraging immediate weight-bearing exercises
C) Using an abduction pillow to prevent dislocation
D) Applying hot compresses to the surgical site

Answer 9

Answer: C
Rationale: An abduction pillow helps maintain alignment and prevent dislocation after hip replacement surgery

Question 10

Which type of exercise is most beneficial for preventing osteoporosis?

A) Swimming
B) Weight-bearing exercises
C) Cycling
D) Stretching

Answer 10

Answer: B
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercises help build and maintain bone density, reducing the risk of osteoporosis

Question 11

Osteoarthritis is primarily an inflammatory disease affecting multiple joints symmetrically.

Answer 11

Answer: False
Rationale: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that usually affects weight-bearing joints asymmetrically

Question 12

Disuse syndrome can develop in patients who are immobilized for long periods.

Answer 12

Answer: True
Rationale: Disuse syndrome results from prolonged immobility, leading to muscle atrophy and loss of function

Question 13

A high-calcium diet is recommended for patients with osteoporosis to support bone health.

Answer 13

Answer: True
Rationale: Calcium intake supports bone health and is crucial for preventing further bone density loss in osteoporosis

Question 14

Hip fractures are most commonly associated with young, active adults.

Answer 14

Answer: False
Rationale: Hip fractures are more common in older adults, particularly those with osteoporosis or low bone density

Question 15

Joint replacement is typically performed to manage pain and improve mobility in patients with severe joint damage

Answer 15

Answer: True
Rationale: Joint replacement is often done to alleviate pain and improve joint function in severe cases, such as advanced osteoarthritis​

Question 16

Which symptoms are commonly associated with a hip fracture? (Select all that apply)

A) Pain in the hip or groin
B) Shortened leg on the affected side
C) Internal leg rotation
D) External leg rotation

Answer 16

Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Hip fractures often present with pain in the hip or groin, a shortened leg, and external rotation of the affected leg

Question 17

Which interventions are effective in preventing disuse syndrome? (Select all that apply)

A) Encouraging ambulation when possible
B) Performing passive range-of-motion exercises
C) Using compression stockings only
D) Frequent repositioning

Answer 17

Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Ambulation, range-of-motion exercises, and frequent repositioning help prevent the complications associated with disuse syndrome​

Question 18

Which of the following are risk factors for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply)

A) Low body weight
B) Smoking
C) High calcium intake
D) Sedentary lifestyle

Answer 18

Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Low body weight, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle are risk factors for osteoporosis, while high calcium intake supports bone health

Question 19

What are common manifestations of osteoarthritis? (Select all that apply)

A) Joint pain
B) Morning stiffness
C) High fever
D) Joint deformity

Answer 19

Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Osteoarthritis commonly presents with joint pain, morning stiffness, and joint deformity but not fever

Question 20

Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions after a joint replacement? (Select all that apply)

A) Monitor for signs of infection
B) Encourage range-of-motion exercises
C) Restrict all movement of the joint
D) Administer pain medication as prescribed

Answer 20

Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Monitoring for infection, encouraging movement within limits, and pain management are essential after joint replacement

Question 21

Which of the following is a hallmark characteristic of disuse syndrome?

A) Enhanced muscle tone
B) Muscle atrophy
C) Increased bone density
D) Improved range of motion

Answer 21

Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle atrophy, or muscle wasting, is a key feature of disuse syndrome

Question 22

Which medication is often recommended as a supplement to help prevent osteoporosis?

A) Muscle relaxers
B) Calcium supplements
C) Anti-inflammatories
D) Diuretics

Answer 22

Answer: B
Rationale: Calcium supplements support bone density and are often recommended for osteoporosis prevention

Question 23

What is a significant risk factor for osteoarthritis?

A) Excessive alcohol intake
B) Obesity
C) High-fiber diet
D) Low blood pressure

Answer 23

Answer: B
Rationale: Obesity increases joint stress, especially on weight-bearing joints, which raises the risk of osteoarthritis

Question 24

What is a primary goal of treatment after a hip fracture?

A) Complete bed rest
B) Early mobilization
C) Sedentary lifestyle promotion
D) Restriction of all movement

Answer 24

Answer: B
Rationale: Early mobilization is essential to prevent complications and promote recovery following a hip fracture

Question 25

Which of the following is commonly associated with osteoporosis?

A) Decreased height
B) High bone density
C) Weight gain
D) Hypermobility

Answer 25

Answer: A
Rationale: Osteoporosis often leads to loss of height due to compression fractures in the spine

Question 26

For a patient with osteoarthritis, which of the following treatments is often recommended?

A) Bed rest
B) Physical therapy
C) Low-calcium diet
D) High-impact exercise

Answer 26

Answer: B
Rationale: Physical therapy helps improve joint function and reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients

Question 27

Which exercise type is least likely to help with osteoporosis management?

A) Weightlifting
B) Running
C) Swimming
D) Walking

Answer 27

Answer: C
Rationale: Swimming is low-impact and does not promote bone density as effectively as weight-bearing exercises

Question 28

What is the purpose of bisphosphonates in treating osteoporosis?

A) To stimulate muscle growth
B) To prevent bone resorption
C) To reduce calcium levels
D) To increase bone fractures

Answer 28

Answer: B
Rationale: Bisphosphonates prevent bone resorption, helping to preserve bone density in osteoporosis

Question 29

Which factor increases the risk of disuse syndrome in hospitalized patients?

A) Active lifestyle
B) Limited mobility
C) Regular exercise
D) Balanced diet

Answer 29

Answer: B
Rationale: Limited mobility, especially in hospitalized patients, increases the risk of disuse syndrome

Question 30

What is the main reason for using an abduction pillow after hip replacement surgery?

A) To improve circulation
B) To prevent dislocation
C) To relieve pain
D) To promote muscle flexibility

Answer 30

Answer: B
Rationale: An abduction pillow maintains hip alignment and helps prevent dislocation after surgery