Mobility Exem Flashcards
Which condition is characterized by decreased bone density, increasing fracture risk?
A) Osteoarthritis
B) Disuse Syndrome
C) Osteoporosis
D) Joint Replacement
Answer: C
Rationale: Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone density, which increases the risk of fractures
Which of the following is a primary risk factor for hip fractures in elderly patients?
A) High physical activity
B) Obesity
C) Low bone density
D) High calcium intake
Answer: C
Rationale: Low bone density is a major risk factor for hip fractures, especially in older adults with osteoporosis
What is a common clinical finding in patients with osteoarthritis?
A) Bilateral joint pain
B) Weight-bearing joint pain
C) Joint swelling only during nighttime
D) High fever
Answer: B
Rationale: Osteoarthritis typically affects weight-bearing joints, leading to pain and stiffness, especially with activity
Which medication is commonly used to manage osteoporosis by inhibiting bone resorption?
A) Muscle relaxers
B) Calcium supplements
C) Bisphosphonates
D) Glucosamine chondroitin
Answer: C
Rationale: Bisphosphonates are used in osteoporosis to reduce bone loss by inhibiting bone resorption
Which intervention is essential in preventing disuse syndrome in immobilized patients?
A) Restricting fluid intake
B) Encouraging complete bed rest
C) Passive range-of-motion exercises
D) Restricting nutritional intake
Answer: C
Rationale: Passive range-of-motion exercises help maintain muscle tone and prevent complications of immobility in patients at risk for disuse syndrome
What is a common cause of joint replacement surgery?
A) Muscle weakness
B) High bone density
C) Severe joint damage due to osteoarthritis
D) Osteoporosis
Answer: C
Rationale: Joint replacement is often performed to relieve pain and restore function in joints severely damaged by osteoarthritis
Which finding would you expect in a patient with a hip fracture?
A) Shortened and externally rotated leg
B) Increased range of motion
C) Swelling only on the opposite leg
D) High fever
Answer: A
Rationale: A hip fracture often causes the affected leg to appear shortened and externally rotated
What is a primary clinical manifestation of osteoporosis?
A) Increased muscle mass
B) Low body weight
C) Kyphosis (spinal curvature)
D) Joint stiffness
Answer: C
Rationale: Kyphosis, or spinal curvature, is a common manifestation of osteoporosis due to weakened vertebrae
Which of the following interventions is crucial after a hip replacement surgery?
A) Keeping the patient in a prone position
B) Encouraging immediate weight-bearing exercises
C) Using an abduction pillow to prevent dislocation
D) Applying hot compresses to the surgical site
Answer: C
Rationale: An abduction pillow helps maintain alignment and prevent dislocation after hip replacement surgery
Which type of exercise is most beneficial for preventing osteoporosis?
A) Swimming
B) Weight-bearing exercises
C) Cycling
D) Stretching
Answer: B
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercises help build and maintain bone density, reducing the risk of osteoporosis
Osteoarthritis is primarily an inflammatory disease affecting multiple joints symmetrically.
Answer: False
Rationale: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that usually affects weight-bearing joints asymmetrically
Disuse syndrome can develop in patients who are immobilized for long periods.
Answer: True
Rationale: Disuse syndrome results from prolonged immobility, leading to muscle atrophy and loss of function
A high-calcium diet is recommended for patients with osteoporosis to support bone health.
Answer: True
Rationale: Calcium intake supports bone health and is crucial for preventing further bone density loss in osteoporosis
Hip fractures are most commonly associated with young, active adults.
Answer: False
Rationale: Hip fractures are more common in older adults, particularly those with osteoporosis or low bone density
Joint replacement is typically performed to manage pain and improve mobility in patients with severe joint damage
Answer: True
Rationale: Joint replacement is often done to alleviate pain and improve joint function in severe cases, such as advanced osteoarthritis
Which symptoms are commonly associated with a hip fracture? (Select all that apply)
A) Pain in the hip or groin
B) Shortened leg on the affected side
C) Internal leg rotation
D) External leg rotation
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Hip fractures often present with pain in the hip or groin, a shortened leg, and external rotation of the affected leg
Which interventions are effective in preventing disuse syndrome? (Select all that apply)
A) Encouraging ambulation when possible
B) Performing passive range-of-motion exercises
C) Using compression stockings only
D) Frequent repositioning
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Ambulation, range-of-motion exercises, and frequent repositioning help prevent the complications associated with disuse syndrome
Which of the following are risk factors for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply)
A) Low body weight
B) Smoking
C) High calcium intake
D) Sedentary lifestyle
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Low body weight, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle are risk factors for osteoporosis, while high calcium intake supports bone health
What are common manifestations of osteoarthritis? (Select all that apply)
A) Joint pain
B) Morning stiffness
C) High fever
D) Joint deformity
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Osteoarthritis commonly presents with joint pain, morning stiffness, and joint deformity but not fever
Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions after a joint replacement? (Select all that apply)
A) Monitor for signs of infection
B) Encourage range-of-motion exercises
C) Restrict all movement of the joint
D) Administer pain medication as prescribed
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Monitoring for infection, encouraging movement within limits, and pain management are essential after joint replacement
Which of the following is a hallmark characteristic of disuse syndrome?
A) Enhanced muscle tone
B) Muscle atrophy
C) Increased bone density
D) Improved range of motion
Answer: B
Rationale: Muscle atrophy, or muscle wasting, is a key feature of disuse syndrome
Which medication is often recommended as a supplement to help prevent osteoporosis?
A) Muscle relaxers
B) Calcium supplements
C) Anti-inflammatories
D) Diuretics
Answer: B
Rationale: Calcium supplements support bone density and are often recommended for osteoporosis prevention
What is a significant risk factor for osteoarthritis?
A) Excessive alcohol intake
B) Obesity
C) High-fiber diet
D) Low blood pressure
Answer: B
Rationale: Obesity increases joint stress, especially on weight-bearing joints, which raises the risk of osteoarthritis
What is a primary goal of treatment after a hip fracture?
A) Complete bed rest
B) Early mobilization
C) Sedentary lifestyle promotion
D) Restriction of all movement
Answer: B
Rationale: Early mobilization is essential to prevent complications and promote recovery following a hip fracture
Which of the following is commonly associated with osteoporosis?
A) Decreased height
B) High bone density
C) Weight gain
D) Hypermobility
Answer: A
Rationale: Osteoporosis often leads to loss of height due to compression fractures in the spine
For a patient with osteoarthritis, which of the following treatments is often recommended?
A) Bed rest
B) Physical therapy
C) Low-calcium diet
D) High-impact exercise
Answer: B
Rationale: Physical therapy helps improve joint function and reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients
Which exercise type is least likely to help with osteoporosis management?
A) Weightlifting
B) Running
C) Swimming
D) Walking
Answer: C
Rationale: Swimming is low-impact and does not promote bone density as effectively as weight-bearing exercises
What is the purpose of bisphosphonates in treating osteoporosis?
A) To stimulate muscle growth
B) To prevent bone resorption
C) To reduce calcium levels
D) To increase bone fractures
Answer: B
Rationale: Bisphosphonates prevent bone resorption, helping to preserve bone density in osteoporosis
Which factor increases the risk of disuse syndrome in hospitalized patients?
A) Active lifestyle
B) Limited mobility
C) Regular exercise
D) Balanced diet
Answer: B
Rationale: Limited mobility, especially in hospitalized patients, increases the risk of disuse syndrome
What is the main reason for using an abduction pillow after hip replacement surgery?
A) To improve circulation
B) To prevent dislocation
C) To relieve pain
D) To promote muscle flexibility
Answer: B
Rationale: An abduction pillow maintains hip alignment and helps prevent dislocation after surgery
