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EXAM 3 > elimination > Flashcards

elimination Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following best defines the concept of elimination?

A) The process of absorbing nutrients in the intestines.
B) The excretion of waste products from the kidneys and intestines.
C) The filtration of blood through the liver.
D) The process of digesting food in the stomach.

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Elimination involves the excretion of waste products from the body through urinary and bowel functions

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2
Q

Which condition is characterized by urinary retention due to prostate enlargement?

A) Clostridium difficile infection
B) Constipation
C) Benign Prostate Hypertrophy (BPH)
D) Urinary incontinence

A

Answer: C
Rationale: BPH causes an enlarged prostate, which can obstruct urine flow, leading to urinary retention

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3
Q

What is a common risk factor for constipation in the elderly?

A) High fluid intake
B) Immobility
C) Use of laxatives
D) High-fiber diet

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Immobility is a significant risk factor for constipation, especially in the elderly

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4
Q

Which diagnostic test is most appropriate to evaluate for urinary retention?

A) Serum creatinine
B) Bladder scan
C) Colonoscopy
D) Abdominal X-ray

A

Answer: B
Rationale: A bladder scan can assess the amount of urine retained in the bladder, useful in evaluating urinary retention

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5
Q

What is the primary treatment for Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection?

A) Laxatives
B) Antibiotics
C) Anti-diarrheals
D) Stool softeners

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Antibiotics are used to treat C. diff, a bacterial infection causing severe diarrhea

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6
Q

Which of the following is a physiological positive outcome of normal elimination?

A) Malnutrition
B) Constipation
C) Homeostasis
D) Bowel incontinence

A

Answer: C
Rationale: Homeostasis is a positive physiological outcome resulting from effective elimination

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7
Q

What type of medication is commonly used to treat urinary retention associated with BPH?

A) Laxative
B) Alpha-adrenergic blocker
C) Antibiotic
D) Antiemetic

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Alpha-adrenergic blockers help relax the bladder neck and prostate, easing urinary retention in BPH patients

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8
Q

What is a significant risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

A) Frequent fluid intake
B) Catheterization
C) High fiber intake
D) Low protein diet

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Catheterization increases the risk of UTIs due to potential bacterial entry through the urethra

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9
Q

Which assessment finding is most indicative of dehydration secondary to diarrhea?

A) Increased urinary output
B) Hypotension
C) Bradycardia
D) High blood glucose

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotension is a common finding in dehydration, often caused by fluid loss due to diarrhea

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10
Q

What is the recommended first-line intervention for a patient with constipation?

A) Increased fiber and fluid intake
B) Anti-diarrheal medication
C) Restricting fluids
D) Reducing dietary fiber

A

Answer: A
Rationale: Increasing fiber and fluid intake can help alleviate constipation by promoting bowel movement

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11
Q

Urinary incontinence is more prevalent in geriatric populations than in younger adults.

A

Answer: True
Rationale: Urinary incontinence is commonly seen in older adults due to age-related changes in the urinary system

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12
Q

Stool softeners are the first-line treatment for diarrhea.

A

Answer: False
Rationale: Stool softeners are not used for diarrhea; they are used to ease constipation by softening stools

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13
Q

Normal peristalsis is necessary for effective bowel elimination.

A

Answer: True
Rationale: Peristalsis, the wave-like muscle contractions in the intestines, is essential for moving waste through the digestive tract

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14
Q

Urinary retention is a common symptom of Clostridium difficile infection.

A

Answer: False
Rationale: Urinary retention is not associated with C. diff; the primary symptom of C. diff is diarrhea

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15
Q

An adequate hydration level is important to prevent urinary and bowel elimination problems.

A

Answer: True
Rationale: Proper hydration is essential to support both urinary and bowel elimination

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16
Q

Which of the following are common risk factors for constipation? (Select all that apply)

A) Immobility
B) High fluid intake
C) Low fiber diet
D) Use of certain medications

A

Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: Immobility, a low-fiber diet, and certain medications, such as opioids, can contribute to constipation

17
Q

Which symptoms are commonly associated with urinary retention in BPH? (Select all that apply)

A) Dribbling of urine
B) High urinary output
C) Difficulty initiating urination
D) Urgent need to urinate

A

Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: Dribbling, difficulty initiating urination, and urgency are common in urinary retention due to BPH

18
Q

Which nursing interventions promote normal bowel elimination? (Select all that apply)

A) Encourage adequate fluid intake
B) Recommend high-fiber foods
C) Promote physical activity
D) Advise use of anti-diarrheals regularly

A

Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Fluid intake, fiber, and physical activity promote regular bowel elimination, while regular use of anti-diarrheals is not recommended

19
Q

For a patient with urinary incontinence, which interventions should be considered? (Select all that apply)

A) Scheduled toileting
B) Restricting fluid intake
C) Bladder training exercises
D) Use of absorbent pads

A

Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: Scheduled toileting, bladder training, and absorbent pads are useful interventions for urinary incontinence; restricting fluid can exacerbate dehydration

20
Q

Which conditions are included under elimination disorders? (Select all that apply)

A) Urinary incontinence
B) Constipation
C) Hypertension
D) Bowel incontinence

A

Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Urinary incontinence, constipation, and bowel incontinence are all related to elimination disorders

21
Q

Which antecedent is required for normal elimination?

A) Presence of urinary catheter
B) Adequate hydration
C) Low fiber intake
D) Urinary retention

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Adequate hydration is necessary for healthy elimination processes

22
Q

Which medication would most likely be prescribed to relieve constipation?

A) Alpha-adrenergic blocker
B) Laxative
C) Antibiotic
D) Antidiarrheal

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Laxatives are used to relieve constipation by promoting bowel movement

23
Q

What type of diet is recommended to prevent constipation?

A) Low-fiber diet
B) High-protein diet
C) High-fiber diet
D) Low-sodium diet

A

Answer: C
Rationale: A high-fiber diet promotes bowel health and prevents constipation

24
Q

Which assessment finding is indicative of a complication from BPH?

A) Anuria
B) Oliguria
C) High blood pressure
D) Fecal incontinence

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Oliguria, or reduced urine output, can be a complication of BPH due to urinary obstruction

25
Q

In the management of C. difficile infection, which infection control measure is most critical?

A) Using alcohol-based hand sanitizer
B) Wearing gloves only
C) Handwashing with soap and water
D) Administering anti-diarrheals

A

Answer: C
Rationale: Handwashing with soap and water is essential for controlling the spread of C. difficile, as alcohol-based hand sanitizers are ineffective

26
Q

What is a priority intervention for a patient with urinary incontinence?

A) Restrict fluids
B) Perform a comprehensive assessment
C) Increase fiber intake
D) Avoid bladder training

A

Answer: B
Rationale: A comprehensive assessment helps identify the cause of incontinence and guides interventions

27
Q

Which condition is most commonly treated with an anti-diarrheal medication?

A) Urinary incontinence
B) Constipation
C) Diarrhea
D) BPH

A

Answer: C
Rationale: Anti-diarrheals are used to manage diarrhea by reducing bowel movement frequency【

28
Q

Which nursing intervention is essential after administering a laxative?

A) Encourage the patient to lie down immediately.
B) Restrict fluid intake.
C) Monitor for bowel movement.
D) Administer anti-diarrheals concurrently

A

Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring for a bowel movement is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the laxative

29
Q

What is a primary factor contributing to the development of urinary incontinence in the elderly?

A) Increased activity
B) Increased bladder elasticity
C) Muscle weakness
D) Decreased urine production

A

Answer: C
Rationale: Muscle weakness contributes to urinary incontinence by reducing bladder and sphincter control

30
Q

Which is a positive psychological outcome of effective elimination?

A) Increased anxiety
B) Improved self-esteem
C) Social withdrawal
D) Low fluid intake

A

Answer: B
Rationale: Improved self-esteem is a positive psychological outcome resulting from effective elimination

EXAM 3 (6 decks)

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