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Fundamentals in Nursing - Lecture > Mobility, Activity, Sleep and Rest > Flashcards

Mobility, Activity, Sleep and Rest Flashcards

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1
Q

refers to a person’s routine of exercise, activity, leisure, and recreation

A

Activity-Exercise Pattern

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2
Q

Activity-Exercise Pattern includes:

A

(a)activities of daily living (ADLs)
(b) the type, quality, and quantity of exercise, including
sports

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3
Q

is the ability to move freely, easily, rhythmically, and purposefully in the environment, is an essential part of
living.

A

Mobility

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4
Q

VITAL TO INDEPENDENCE

A

Mobility

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5
Q

Four basic elements of Normal Movement

A
  1. Body alignment (posture)
  2. Joint mobility
  3. Balance
  4. Coordinated Movements
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6
Q

Factors Affecting Body Alignment and Activity

A

× Growth and development
× Nutrition
× Personal values and attitudes
× Certain external factors
× Prescribed limitations

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7
Q

decrease risk factors for chronic diseases and to increase their health and well-being

A

Exercise

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8
Q

the ability of the body to perform work

A

Functional strength

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9
Q

type and amount of exercise or ADLs an individual is able to perform without experiencing adverse effects.

A

Activity tolerance

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10
Q

Types of Exercise according to type of muscle contraction:

A

× Isotonic (dynamic)
× Isometric (static or setting)
× Isokinetic (resistive)

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11
Q

Types of Exercise according to source of energy:

A

× Aerobic
× Anaerobic

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12
Q

Benefits of Exercise

A

× Musculoskeletal
× Cardiovascular
× Respiratory
× Gastrointestinal
× Metabolic/Endocrine
× Urinary
× Immune
× Psychoneurologic (Neuropsychology)

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13
Q

the study of the relationships between the brain and behavior.

A

Neuropsychology

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14
Q

Causes of Immobility

A

× Musculoskeletal problems
× Neurologic problems
× Inactive lifestyle
× Inner ear infections or dizziness
× Congenital problems

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15
Q

client moves each joint in the body through its complete range of movement

A

Active ROM Exercise

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16
Q

another person moves the client’s joints

A

Passive ROM Exercise

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17
Q

describe the efficient, coordinated and safe use of the body to move objects and carry out ADLs.

A

Body Mechanics

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18
Q

Reduces energy requirements and risk for injury

A

Body Mechanics

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19
Q

Positioning Clients

A

Done regularly (every 2 hours)

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20
Q

Mechanical Aids for Walking

A

Canes
Walkers
Crutches

21
Q

Canes should be placed at

A

unaffected side

22
Q

complication of using Crutches

A

crutch palsy

23
Q

Never apply pressure on the __________ to prevent crutch
palsy

A

axilla

24
Q

Biological clock coinciding with sleep-wake cycles

A

Circadian Rhythms

25
Q

Circadian Rhythms
- From the Latin _________, meaning “_______________”

A

circa dies; about a day

26
Q

Controlled from within the body and synchronized with environmental factors, such as light and darkness

A

Circadian Rhythms

27
Q

Types of Sleep

A
  • NREM (non-rapid-eye-movement)
  • REM (rapid-eye-movement)
28
Q

75-80% of sleep

A

NREM (non-rapid-eye-movement)

29
Q

every 90 minutes, lasting 30 minutes.

A

REM (rapid-eye-movement)

30
Q

Most dreams take place during ___________ but will not usually be remembered.

A

REM sleep

31
Q

Restores levels of activity and normal balance among
parts of the nervous system

A

Sleep

32
Q

Newborns

A

sleep 16 to 18 hours/day; 1-3 hours spent awake

33
Q

Infants

A

awaken every 3 to 4 hours; by 6 months, most infants sleep through the night

34
Q

Toddlers

A

12 to 14 hours of sleep are recommended

35
Q

Preschoolers

A

11 to 13 hours per night

36
Q

School-age children

A

10 to 11 hours of sleep

37
Q

Adolescents

A

9 to 10 hours

38
Q

Adults

A

7 to 9 hours

39
Q

Elders

A

awaken 1.3 hours earlier and go to bed 1 hour earlier

40
Q

sleep deprivation

A

Insufficient sleep

41
Q

obtains sufficient sleep at night but still cannot stay awake during the day

A

Hypersomnia

42
Q

caused by the lack of chemical hypocretin in the CNS

A

Narcolepsy

43
Q

e.g., sleepwalking, sleep talking

A

Parasomnias

44
Q

inability to fall asleep or remain asleep

A

Insomnia

45
Q

frequent short breathing pauses during sleep

A

Sleep apnea

46
Q

Factors Affecting Sleep

A

× Illness
× Environment
× Lifestyle
× Emotional stress
× Stimulants and alcohol
× Diet
× Smoking
× Motivation
× Medications

47
Q

Diagnostic Studies

A

× Electroencephalogram (EEG)
× Electromyogram (EMG)
× Electro-oculogram (EOG)

48
Q

Benefits of daily rest and relaxation:

A

× reduced stress and anxiety
× improved mood
× decreased blood pressure
× chronic pain relief
× improved immune health
× stronger cardiovascular system

Fundamentals in Nursing - Lecture (10 decks)

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