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fundamentals in nursing - lecture > Concept of Nursing > Flashcards

Concept of Nursing Flashcards

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1
Q

has been called the oldest of arts and the youngest of professions

A

Nursing

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2
Q

The term ‘Nurse’ evolved from the Latin word ___________ which means ___________________________________

A

Nutrix; to nourish or to cherish

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3
Q

introduces a thorough assessment of patients, the nursing process, communication between nurse and patient, cultural differences, functional health patterns, and the
overall framework of nursing practice.

A

Fundamentals of Nursing

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4
Q

forms the first foundational component of Nursing

A

concept of man

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5
Q

Two Approaches in studying Man

A
  1. Atomistic Approach
  2. Holistic Approach
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6
Q

Viewing man as an organism only (view cells, tissues, organs - body structures only)

A

Atomistic Approach

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7
Q

ex. of Atomistic Approach

A

Taking blood pressure of the patient

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8
Q

Viewing man as an organism with interrelated and interdependent parts functioning to produce a behavior which is acceptable or unacceptable to him/her or to the society.

A

Holistic Approach

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9
Q

ex. of Holistic Approach

A

Nursing interaction with the patient

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10
Q

All living organisms are interacting unified thatare more than the mere sum of his parts; any disturbance affects the whole being

A

Holistic Theory

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11
Q

Human life must be balanced and harmonized
with the other forms of nature. Disturbance may result in illness.

A

Holistic Theory

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12
Q

Presence or absence of disease

A

Health

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13
Q

state of being well and using every power the individual
possesses to the fullest extent

A

Health

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14
Q

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

A

Health

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15
Q

Reflects concern for the individual as a total person functioning physically, psychologically and socially

A

Health

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16
Q

is a state of well-being.

A

Wellness

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17
Q

Basic aspects of wellness include

A
  • self-responsibility
  • an ultimate goal
  • a dynamic, growing process
  • daily decision making in the areas of nutrition, stress management, physical fitness, preventive health care, and emotional health
  • the whole being of the individual.
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18
Q

is a subjective perception of vitality and feeling well that
can be described objectively, experienced, and measured

A

Well-being

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19
Q

7 Components of wellness

A

Environmental
Social
Emotional
Physical
Spiritua
Intellectual
Occupational

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20
Q

The ability to promote health measures that improve the standard of living and quality of life in the community. This includes influences such as food, water, and air

A

Environmental

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21
Q

The ability to interact successfully with people and within the environment of which each person is a part, to develop and maintain intimacy with significant others, and to develop respect and tolerance for those with different opinions and beliefs.

A

Social

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22
Q

The ability to manage stress and to express emotions appropriately. This involves the ability to recognize, accept, and express feelings and to accept one’s limitations.

A

Emotional

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23
Q

The ability to carry out daily tasks, achieve fitness (e.g., pulmonary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal), maintain adequate nutrition and proper body fat, avoid abusing drugs and alcohol or using tobacco products, and generally practice positive lifestyle habits.

A

Physical

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24
Q

The belief in some force (nature, science, religion, or a higher power) that serves to unite human beings and provide meaning and purpose to life. It includes a person’s own morals, values, and ethics.

A

Spiritual

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25
Q

The ability to learn and use information effectively for personal, family, and career development. This involves striving for continued growth and learning to deal with new challenges effectively.

A

Intellectual

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26
Q

The ability to achieve a balance between work and leisure time. A person’s beliefs about education, employment, and home influence personal satisfaction and relationships
with others.

A

Occupational

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27
Q

is a highly personal state in which the person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental or spiritual functioning is thought to be diminished

A

Illness

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28
Q

Factors and Issues Affecting Health and Illness

A

Internal Variables
External Variables

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29
Q

Internal Variables

A
  • Biologic dimension
  • Psychological dimension
  • Cognitive dimension
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30
Q

Genetic makeup, sex, age, and developmental level all significantly influence a person’s health

A

Biologic dimension

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31
Q

(Emotional) factors influencing health include mind– body interactions and self-concept.

A

Psychological dimension

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32
Q

Intellectual factors influencing health include lifestyle choices and spiritual and religious beliefs.

A

Cognitive dimension

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33
Q

External Variables

A
  • Physical environment
  • Standards of living
  • Family and cultural beliefs
  • Social support networks
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34
Q

Totality of services offered by all health disciplines

A

Health Care Delivery System

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35
Q

Health Care Delivery System
Major purpose:

A

to provide care to people who were ill or injured

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36
Q

Types of Health Care Services

A
  • Primary Prevention
  • Secondary Prevention
  • Tertiary Prevention
37
Q

Primary Prevention

A

Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

38
Q
  • Legislation and enforcement to ban or control the use of hazardous products (e.g. asbestos)
  • Mandate on safe and healthy practices (e.g. use of seatbelts and bike helmets)
  • Education about healthy and safe habits (e.g. adequate and proper nutrition, weight control and exercise, stress reduction, not smoking)
A

Primary Prevention: Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

39
Q

Preventive measures that lead to early diagnosis and prompt treatment of a disease, illness or injury. This should limit disability, impairment or dependency and prevent more severe health problems developing in the future.

A

Secondary Prevention: Diagnosis and Treatment

40
Q
  • Helping people manage long-term, often complex health problems and injuries (e.g. chronic diseases, permanent impairments)
  • e.g. cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs, chronic disease management programs (e.g. for diabetes, arthritis, depression); support groups that allow members to share strategies for living well; vocational rehabilitation programs to retrain workers
A

Tertiary Prevention: Rehabilitation, Health Restoration, and Palliative Care

41
Q

Levels of Care

A
  • Health promotion
  • Disease prevention
  • Health maintenance
  • Curative
  • Rehabilitative
42
Q

ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF A NURSE

A
  • CAREGIVER
  • COMMUNICATOR
  • TEACHER
  • PATIENT ADVOCATE
  • COUNSELOR
  • CHANGE AGENT
  • LEADER
  • MANAGER
  • CASE MANAGER
  • RESEARCH CONSUMER
43
Q

Activities that assist client physically and psychologically
while preserving the client’s dignity.

The nursing actions may involve full care for the completely
dependent client, partial care for the partially dependent client and supportive-educative care to assist clients in attaining their highest possible level of health and wellness.

A

Caregiver

44
Q

emphasizes that the whole person is greater than the sum of their parts.

A

Holistic care

45
Q

is integral to all nursing roles. Nurses communicate with the client, support persons, other health care professionals and people in the community

A

Communication

46
Q

The nurse understands that effective communication techniques can help improve the healthcare environment

A

Communicator

47
Q

The nurse helps the clients learn about their health and the health care procedures they need to perform to restore or maintain their heal

A

Teacher

48
Q
  • acts to protect the client. The nurse represents the client’s needs and wishes to other health professionals, such as relaying wishes for information to the physician.
  • Exercising client’s rights and help them speak for themselves.
A

Client Advocate

49
Q

Process of helping a client to recognize and cope with
stressful psychologic or social problems, to develop
improved personal relationship and promote personal growth.

A

Counselor

50
Q
  • Assisting to make modifications in patient’s own behavior.
  • Nurses are continually dealing with change in the health care system.
A

Change Agent

51
Q

Influences others to work together to accomplish a specific goal

A

Leader

52
Q

Delegate nursing activities to ancillary workers, other nurses; and supervises and evaluates their performance.

A

Manager

53
Q
  • Work with the multidisciplinary health care team to measure the effectiveness of the case management plan and to monitor outcomes.
  • Ensures that care is oriented to the client while controlling the cost
A

Case Manager

54
Q

Nurses use research to improve client care

A

Research Consumer

55
Q

is defined as occupation that requires extensive education or a calling that requires special knowledge, skill and preparation.

A

Profession

56
Q

refers to the professional character, spirit or methods. It is a set of attributes, a way of life that implies responsibility
and commitment

A

Professionalism

57
Q

is the process of becoming professional, that is, acquiring
characteristics considers to be professional

A

Professionalization

58
Q

the hallmark of a profession

A

altruism

59
Q

selfless concern for others

A

altruism

60
Q

QUALITIES OF A NURSE

A
  • High Standards of Professionalism
  • Never-Ending Diligence
  • Exceptional Communication Skills
  • Effective Interpersonal Skills
  • Attention to Detail
  • Quick Problem-Solving Abilities
  • Action-Oriented
  • Empathetic Disposition
  • Solid Stamina
  • Sense of Humor
61
Q

Carper’s Four Patterns of Knowing

A

a. Nursing Sciences
b. Nursing Ethics
c. Nursing Esthetics
d. Personal Knowledge

62
Q

refers to the way of perceiving and understanding self and the world

A

Knowing

63
Q

refers to knowing that is expressed in a form that can be shared and communicated to others.

A

Knowledge

64
Q
  • The component of moral knowledge in nursing
  • Guides and directs how nurses conduct their practice
A

Ethics

65
Q

the art of nursing

A

Aesthetic knowing

66
Q
  • Expressed through:
    ◦ Actions, bearing, conduct, attitudes, narrative and interaction
    ◦ Knowing what to do without conscious deliberation
  • Involves:
    ◦ Deep appreciation of the meaning of a situation
    ◦ Moves beyond the surface of a situation
    ◦ Often shared without conscious exchange of words ◦
    Transformative art/acts
    ◦ Brings together all the elements of a nursing care situation
    to create a meaningful whole
A

Aesthetic knowing: the art of nursing

67
Q

the science of nursing

A

emperics

68
Q
  • Based on the assumption that what is known is accessible through the physical senses: seeing, touching and hearing.
  • Reality exists and truths about it can be understood
  • A pattern of knowing that draws on traditional ideas of science
  • Expressed in practice as scientific competence
A

Empirics: the science of nursing

69
Q

Legislation and enforcement to ban or control
the use of hazardous products (e.g. asbestos)

A

Primary Prevention

70
Q

Mandate on safe and healthy practices

A

Primary Prevention

71
Q

Education about healthy and safe habits

A

Primary Prevention

72
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI)

A

Secondary Prevention

73
Q

Radiologic diagnostic

A

Secondary Prevention

74
Q

procedures
screening tests to detect disease in its
earliest stages

A

Secondary Prevention

75
Q

use of seatbelts and bike helmets

A

Primary Prevention

76
Q

adequate and proper nutrition

A

Primary Prevention

77
Q

weight control and exercise

A

Primary Prevention

78
Q

stress reduction, not smoking

A

Primary Prevention

79
Q

cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs

A

Tertiary Prevention

80
Q

chronic diseases

A

Tertiary Prevention

81
Q

permanent impairments

A

Tertiary Prevention

82
Q

support groups that allow members to share strategies for living well

A

Tertiary Prevention

83
Q

vocational rehabilitation programs to retrain workers

A

Tertiary Prevention

84
Q

“The unique function of the nurse
is to assist the individual, sick or
well, in the performance of those
activities contributing to health or
its recovery (or to peaceful
death)”.

A

Virginia Henderson

85
Q

“The act of utilizing the environment
of the patient to assist him in his
recovery”

A

Florence Nightingale

86
Q

The role of ________________ includes all of the
tasks and skills that we associate with
nursing care, but also includes the
other elements that make up the whole
person.

A

caregiver

87
Q

is a learned
process requiring an understanding
of the needs and goals that
motivate people, knowledge to
apply leadership skills and
interpersonal skills to influence others.

A

Effective leadership

88
Q

Important aspect of
professional status. In
modern times, the trend in
education for the
professions has shifted
toward programs in
colleges and universities.

A

Specialized Education

fundamentals in nursing - lecture (10 decks)

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