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Medical Derm Revision > Mnemonics/Lists General > Flashcards

Mnemonics/Lists General Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

List of Eschar Conditions

A

DEEP RAYS

Diphtheria (cutaneous) can simulate ecthyma or impetigo, Disseminated Fungal Infection
Ecthyma 
Ecthyma gangrenosum
Pressure ulcer/trauma
Rickettsia, rickettsial pox
Anthrax/Tularaemia
Yersinia infection (10% have primary cutaneous lesion from flea bite carrying yersinia pestis) - necrotic lesions can develop
Scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi)
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2
Q

X-Linked Recessive Conditions

A 
CHADS Kinky WIFE CHANdra
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Hunter Disease
Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
Dyskeratosis Congenita
SCID
Kinky Hair Disease
Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome
Ichthyosis (X-linked)
Fabry Disease
EDS (not type V - 'other', and IX - not EDS anymore as not collagen defect)
Chondrodysplasia Punctata (not Conradi-Hunermann type)
Hypohidrotic ED with immunodeficiency
Agammaglobulinaemia, Bruton
N Lesch (N)yan Syndrome
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3
Q

X-Linked Dominant

A 
BIG ChOMP
Bazex Syndrome (not acrokeratosis paraneoplastica)
Incontinentia Pigmenti
Goltz Syndrome (Focal Dermal Hypoplasia)
CHILD Syndrome
Orofacial Digital Syndrome
MIDAS (micrognathia, dermal aplasia, sclerocornea)
Chondrodysplasia punctata
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4
Q

Deep lesion (no epidermis/upper dermis seen)

A

Rheumatoid nodule, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, neurothekeoma, paraffinoma, giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, nodular fasciitis, myxoid liposarcoma, angiolipoma, angioleiomyoma, +/- neurilemmoma, gout, hibernoma

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5
Q

<p>Painful tumors: </p>

A 
<p>BLEND AN EGG
Blue rubber bleb, 
leiomyoma, 
eccrine spiradenoma, 
neurilemmoma, 
dermatofibroma, 
angiolipoma, 
neuroma, 
endometrioma, erythema nodosum
glomus tumor, glomangioma, granular cell tumour

Was published in JAAD 1993</p>

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6
Q

Polypoid

A

Accessory tragus, digital fibrokeratoma

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7
Q

Acral

A

Digital fibrokeratoma, verruca, supernumerary digit, amputation neuroma, myxoid cyst

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8
Q

Conditions that can show minimal histological change

A 
Tinea versicolor, 
macular amyloidosis, 
ichthyosis vulgaris, 
telangiectia macularis eruptiva perstans, 
vitiligo, 
urticaria
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9
Q

Squared off (‘boxcar’) biopsy

A

Scleredema
pretibial myxedema
morphea
advanced NLD

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10
Q

<p>Spindle Cell Tumours</p>

A

<p>SLAMDUNK
SCC Spindle Cell (CK 903 and HMW-keratin),
Leiomyomsarcoma (Desmin and SMA),
Angiosarcoma (CD31 and CD34),
Melanoma - Spindle Cell (S100 and MART1 +/-),
DFSP (CD34 POS, Neg FXIIIa and stromelysin, unlike DF),
Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma/MFH and AFX (CD68, CD10, Procollagen I),
Nodular fasciitis (HSP47, Actin, NEGATIVE keratin, desmin, S100, CD34),
Kaposi's Sarcoma (CD31, CD34, HHV-8)</p>

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11
Q

Differential for small blue cells (histologically)

A

MCC
Lymphoma
Carcinoma
Melanoma

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12
Q

RASopathies

A

Capillary malformation-AV malformation syndrome
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis type 1
Neurofibromatosis type 1
Noonan syndrome
Costello syndrome, Noonan-like[1]
Legius syndrome, Noonan-like
Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, formerly called LEOPARD syndrome, Noonan-like

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13
Q

Kawasaki Disease Criteria Mnemonic

RCH website too

A

CRASH + Burn
Burn
- Fever for 5+ days + 4/5 of:

Conjunctivitis (mostly nonexudative bilat injection)
Rash (polymorphous, EMlike, scarlatiniform, macular)
Adenopathy (one node >1.5cm)
Strawberry tongue + Lip Erythema/fissuring
Hand/Feet swelling +/- desquamation in convalescence

**can have fewer than 4/5 if if coronary artery abnormalities are present.

Common findings outside the diagnostic criteria include irritibility arthritis, aseptic meningitis, sterile pyuria and dysuria.

KD is the second most common vasculitis in childhood after Henoch Schonlein purpura, and is the most commoncause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries causing coronary artery aneurysms (CAA).

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14
Q

Fast growing mycobacterium

A

Fast As a Cheetah FAC
M. Fortuitum
M. Abscesses
M. Chelonae

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15
Q

NF1 Criteria Mnemonic

A

2+ of CAFE SPOt:
C: café-au-lait spots (6+ CALM or 2+ NF or 1 plexiform NF (CALM >0.5cm prepubertal, >1.5cm postpubertal))
A: axillary or inguinal freckling (crowe’s sign axillary)
F: fibromas (neurofibroma (two or more) or plexiform neurofibroma (one))
E: eye hamartomas (Lisch nodules)
S: skeletal abnormalities, e.g. sphenoid wing dysplasia, leg bowing/long bone cortex thinning
P: positive family history
Ot: optic tumour (optic nerve glioma)

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16
Q

Oral Ulcers - Mnemonic

A 
ILL MOUTH IS Bad
Infection
LP
Lupus
Malignancy (SCC, Haem)
Other (Contact)
UC, Crohns, Coeliac
Trauma
Haemantic (Iron, B12, Folate)
Immunobullous
SJS, TEN, EM, Sweets
Behcet Disease
17
Q

SLE Dx Criteria Mnemonic

ACR and SLICC

A

1993 ACR Criteria
Either serially or simultaneously, during any interval of observations, 4+ of:
MD SOAP BRAIN
Malar Rash
Discoid Rash
Synovitis (pleuritis, pericarditis)
Oral Ulcers
Arthritis
Photosensitivity
Blood - haemolytic anaemia, leukopaenia, lymphopaenia, thrombocytopaenia
Renal - usually nephrotic >0.5g/day proteinuria or casts
ANA + (95%)
Immunogical: Anti Sm Abs, Anti-dsDNA, APLA Abs (cardiolipin or LAC or known false pos syph serology)
Neurological (Psychosis/Seizures)

2012 SLICC Criteria
At least 4 of 17 criteria, including at least 1 of the 11 clinical criteria and one of the six immunologic criteria, or that the patient has biopsy-proven nephritis compatible with SLE in the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) or anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies. For the SLICC criteria, criteria are cumulative and need not be presently concurrently.:
A CHRONIC RASH
A-cute Rash (Malar, SCLE, Bullous, TEN-Lupus, Photosens rash)
C-hronic Rash (discoid/tumid/pannic)
H-air Loss (diffuse thinning or frag with broken hairs, other causes excluded)
R-enal Abn (>0.5g/day or casts)
O-ral/nasal ulcers (excl other causes)
N-eurological (Sz, Psychosis, mononeuritis multiplex, neuritis/neuropathy, acute confusional state)
I-mmune C-riteria (1 point each - ANA, dsDNA, Sm, APLA, Complement C3orC4orCH50, Direct Coombs Pos if Hb normal)
R-educed WCC (1 point leuk OR lymph, 1 point platelets)
A-rthritis
S-ynovitis
H-aemolytic Anaemia

18
Q

Slow Growing Mycobacteria Mnemonic

A

BUM TASKS
Mycobacterium…

Bovis
Ulcerans
Marinum
Tuberculae
Avium
Scrofulaceum
Kansasii
Szulgai
19
Q

Sporotrichoid Spread Differential Mnemonic

globaldermie

A

CAT N SPLAT (not comprehensive supposedly)

Cat scratch disease (bartonella henselae)
Atypical mycobacteria (esp marinum)
Tuberculosis
Nocardia
Sporotrichosis
Phaeohyphomycosis
Leishmaniasis
Anthrax
Tularemia
20
Q

Criteria for Hypocomplementaemic Urticarial Vasculitis Syndrome HUVS

A 
(Almost always in women)
o	Urticaria for 6/12 (maj - needed)
o	Hypocomplementaemia (maj - needed)
o	Minor (2 of): 
 - Vasculitis on bx, 
 - arthralgia, 
 - eyes (uveitis/episcleritis), 
 - glomerulonephritis, 
 - recurrent abdo pain, 
 - pos C1q precipitant test
21
Q

DDx Collodion Baby

Bol

A

In order of Occurence:
Self-improving collodion ichthyosis - Always
Lamellar ichthyosis - Common
Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma - Common
Trichothiodystrophy - Fairly common
Autosomal dominant lamellar ichthyosis - Rare
Autosomal dominant congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma - Rare
Sjögren–Larsson syndrome -Rare
Infantile Gaucher disease -Rare
Ichthyosis, intellectual disability, and spastic quadriplegia - Rare
Ectodermal dysplasias (EDs) - Very rare
Neutral lipid storage disease - Very rare
Conradi–Hünermann–Happle syndrome - Very rare

CELTIC SINS
C-ongenital ichthyosiform erythroderma - Common (+AD CIE Rare)
E-ctodermal dysplasias (EDs)* - Very rare
L-amellar ichthyosis - Common (+AD LI Rare)
T-richothiodystrophy - Fairly common
I-nfantile Gaucher Disease - Rare
C-onradi–Hünermann–Happle syndrome - Very rare
S-elf-improving collodion ichthyosis - Always
I-chthyosis, intellectual disability, and spastic quadriplegia - Rare
N-eutral lipid storage disease - Very rare
S-jögren–Larsson syndrome - Rare

Medical Derm Revision (51 decks)

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