Buzz Radiol/Vectors/ID Flashcards
Test 1
Test 2
incr Lymphoreticular malignancy & ataxia, recurrent infections
Ataxia-telangiectasia
incr Medulloblastoma and fibrosarcomas & ovarian fibromas
Gorlin syndrome
incr Leukemia or GI CA & photodistributed rash
Bloom syndrome
incr Renal, thyroid (medullary), colon CA & fibrofolliculomas
Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome
incr Esophageal CA & focal pressure PPK
Howel-Evans syndrome
incr Thyroid (follicular), breast, colon CA & trichilemmomas
Cowden syndrome
incr Chondrosarcoma & endochrondromas, venous malformations
Mafucci syndrme
incr Colon CA & odontogenic cysts
Gardner syndrome
incr Testicular CA & cryptorchidism
X-linked ichthyosis
incr Sebaceous CA & sebaceous adenomas
Muir-Torre syndrome
incr Thyroid (medullary) CA & mucosal neuromas
MEN 2b
incr Renal cell CA & uterine and cutaneous leiomyomas
Leiomyomatosis
incr Ovarian, lung, colorectal, pancreatic CA & poikiloderma
Dermatomyositis
incr Acute myelogenous leukemia & neutrophilic dermatosis
Sweet’s syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum (atypical bullous form)
incr GI lymphoma & pruritic vesicles (extensor surfaces)
Dermatitis herpetiformis
incr Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia & JXG (juvenile xanthogranuloma)
NF1
incr Various CA (30% of cases) & destructive arthritis
Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis
incr Renal cell CA (rare) & shagreen patches
Tuberous sclerosis
incr SCC & leukoplakia, nail dystrophy, bone marrow failure
Dyskeratosis congenita
incr Osteosarcoma & hypoplastic thumbs, photosensitivity
Rothmund-Thomson syndrome
Glucagonoma (pancreatic tumor) & erythematous plaques (thighs/groin/perineum)
Necrolytic migratory erythema
Lutzomyia verrucarum (sandfly)
Oroya fever (Bartonella bacilliformis)
Lutzomyia spp., Phlebotomus spp. (sandfly)
Leishmaniasis (Leishmania spp.)
Reduviid bug
Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)
Xenopsylla cheopis (rat flea)
Plague (Yersinia pestis), Endemic typhus (Rickettsia typhi)
Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea)
Cat-scratch disease (Bartonella henselae)
Chrysops discalis (deer fly)
Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
Chrysops, family Tabanidae (deer or mango fly)
Loaisis (Loa loa)
Glossina morsitans (tsetse fly)
African trypanosomiasis (T. gambiense and rhodesiense)
Simulium spp. (black fly)
Onchocerciasis (Onchocerca volvulus)
Culex, Aedes, Anopheles (mosquitoes)
Filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti)
Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick)
Tularemia (Francisella tularensis), Rocky Mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsii)
Amblyomma americanum (lone star tick)
Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick)
Mediterranean spotted fever (Rickettsia conorii)
Ixodes dammini (scapularis), Ixodes pacificus
Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
Trombiculid red mites (larval stage: chigger)
Scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi)
Liponyssoides sanguineus (mouse mite)
Rickettsialpox (Rickettsia akari)
Pediculosis humanus (human body louse)
Epidemic fever (Rickettsia prowazekii), Relapsing fever (Borrelia recurrentis), Trench fever (Bartonella quintana)
Red grains (actinomycetoma)
Actinomadura pelletieri
Yellow to brown grains (actinomycetoma)
Streptomyces somaliensis
Pink or cream grains (actinomycetoma)
Actinomadura madurae
White grains (actinomycetoma)
Nocardia brasiliensis and asteroides
Pectinate hyphae (broken comb)
Microsporum audouinii
Bamboo-like hyphae
Microsporum ferrugineum
‘Pig snout’ conidia
Microsporum nanum
Bullous tinea pedis
Trichophtyon mentagrophytes
Spiral hyphae
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Teardrop-shaped microconidia (‘birds on a wire’)
Trichophyton rubrum
Septate hyphae with reflexive branching
Trichophyton soudanense
Teardrop, balloon and matchstick forms of conidia
Trichophyton tonsurans
Septate hyphae with favic chandeliers
Trichophyton tonsurans
Partial thiamine and inositol requirement
Trichophyton verrucosum
Khaki-colored colony with club-shaped macroconidia
Epidermophyton floccosum
Round cells attached to one another (‘chain of coins’, ‘brass knuckles’)
Lobomycosis
Globe-shaped sclerotic cells (‘Medlar bodies’, ‘copper pennies’)
Chromoblastomycosis
Photochromagens (mycobacteria)
M. kansasii, M. marinum, M. simium
Broad-based budding with double contoured thick wall
Blastomycosis
Large round organisms with multiple narrow-based buds radiating outward (mariner’s wheel)
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Dichotomous branching at 45–60° angle
Aspergillus
Large ribbon-like hyphae with 90° branching
Mucor
Giant sporangia
Rhinosporidiosis
Morula formation resembling soccer ball
Protothecosis (prototheca)
Winterbottom’s sign
Posterior cervical LAD in African trypanosomiasis
Romana’s sign
Eyelid edema and conjunctivitis in American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease)
Mazzotti reaction
Severe reaction in onchocerciasis associated with diethylcarbamazine (when microfilariae killed)