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Microbiology - Bacteria > Mnemonics > Flashcards

Mnemonics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

“These Microbes May Lack Real Color”

A

= bacteria that do not Gram stain well.

1) Treponema
2) Mycobacteria
3) Mycoplasma
4) Legionella
5) Rickettsia
6) Chlamydia

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2
Q

mnemonic for bacteria that don’t Gram stain well

A

These Microbes May Lack Real Color

1) Treponema
2) Mycobacteria
3) Mycoplasma
4) Legionella
5) Rickettsia
6) Chlamydia

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3
Q

mnemonic for microbes that Giemsa-Wright stain

A

Certain Bugs Really Try my Patience

1) Chlamydia
2) Borrelia
3) Rickettsiae
4) Trypanosomes
5) Plasmodium

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4
Q

“Certain Bugs Really Try my Patience”

A

= microbes that GIemsa-Wright stain

1) Chlamydia
2) Borrelia
3) Rickettsiae
4) Trypanosomes
5) Plasmodium

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5
Q

mnemonic for the periodic acid-Schiff stain

A

PASs the sugar

PAS stains glycogen and mucopolysaccharides to diagnose Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei)

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6
Q

“PASs the sugar”

A

period acid-Schiff (PAS) stains for glycogen and mucopolysaccharides to diagnose Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei)

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7
Q

mnemonic for isolation of Neisseria species: N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis

A

“to connect to Neisseria, please use your VPN client” - Thayer-Martin (VPN) media

1) Vancomycin inhibits gram-positive organisms
2) Polymyxin inhibits gram-negative organisms except Neisseria
3) Nystatin inhibits fungi

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8
Q

“to connect to Neisseria, please use your VPN client”

A

for isolation of N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, use Thayer-Martin (VPN) media

1) Vancomycin inhibits gram-positive organisms
2) Polymyxin inhibits gram-negative organisms except Neisseria
3) Nystatin inhibits fungi

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9
Q

mnemonic for isolation of B. pertussis

A

“Bordet for Bordetella”

use Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar to isolate B. pertussis

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10
Q

“Bordet for Bordetella”

A

use Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar to isolate B. pertussis

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11
Q

mnemonic to remember the colors of Gram stains

A

“I’m positively BLUE over you!”

“No (negative) RED commies!”

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12
Q

mnemonic for isolation of fungi

A

“Sab’s a fun guy!”

Sabourand agar to grow fungi

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13
Q

“Sab’s a fun guy!”

A

Sabourand agar grows fungi

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14
Q

mnemonic for obligate aerobes

A

“Nagging Pests Must Breathe”

1) Nocardia
2) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3) MycoBacterium tuberculosis

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15
Q

“Nagging Pests Must Breathe”

A

= obligate aerobes

1) Nocardia
2) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3) MycoBacterium tuberculosis

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16
Q

mnemonic for facultative intracellular bugs

A

“Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY”

1) Salmonella
2) Neisseria
3) Brucella
4) Mycobacterium
5) Listeria
6) Francisella
7) Legionella
8) Yersinia pestis

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17
Q

“Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY”

A

= facultative intracellular bugs

1) Salmonella
2) Neisseria
3) Brucella
4) Mycobacterium
5) Listeria
6) Francisella
7) Legionella
8) Yersinia pestis

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18
Q

mnemonic for obligate intracellular bugs

A

“Stay inside (cells) when it is Really Cold”

1) Rickettsia
2) Chlamydia

19
Q

“Stay inside (cells) when it is Really Cold”

A

= obligate intracellular bugs

1) Rickettsia
2) Chlamydia

20
Q

“Even Some Super Killers Have (Pretty) Nice Big Capsules”

A 
= encapsulated bacteria
1) E.coli
2) Streptococcus pneumoniae
3) Salmonella
4) Klebsiella pneumoniae
5) Haemophilus influenzae
() Pseudomonus aerigonosa
6) Neisseria meningitidis
7) Group B Strep
8) Cryptococcus Neoformans (yeast)
21
Q

“SHiNE SKiS” (+C)

A 
= encapsulated bacteria
1) Streptococcus pneumoniae
2) Haemophilus influenzae
3) Neisseria meningitidis
4) E.coli
5) Salmonella
6) Klebsiella pneumoniae
7) group B Strep
() Cryptococcus Neoformans (yeast)
22
Q

mnemonic for encapsulated bacteria

A

“Even Some Super Killers Have (Pretty) Nice Big Capsules”

“SHiNE SKiS”

23
Q

mnemonic for facultative intracellular bugs

A

“Listen Sally Yer Friend Bruce May Leave Now”

1) Listeria monocytogenes
2) Salmonella typhi
3) Yersinia pestis
4) Francisella tularensis
5) Brucella
6) Mycobacterium
7) Legionella
8) Neisseria

24
Q

“Listen Sally Yer Friend Bruce May Leave Now”

A

= facultative intracellular bugs

1) Listeria monocytogenes
2) Salmonella typhi
3) Yersinia pestis
4) Francisella tularensis
5) Brucella
6) Mycobacterium
7) Legionella
8) Neisseria

25
Q

mnemonic for catalase-positive organisms

A

“PLACESS” for your cats

1) Pseudomonas
2) Listeria
3) Aspergillus
4) Candida
5) E. coli
6) S. auerus
7) Serratia

26
Q

“PLACESS” for your cats

A

= catalase-positive organisms

1) Pseudomonas
2) Listeria
3) Aspergillus
4) Candida
5) E. coli
6) S. auerus
7) Serratia

27
Q

PUNCH KSS” (or CHuck Norris hates PUNKSS)

A

= urease-positive organisms

1) Proteus
2) Ureaplasma
3) Nocardia
4) Cryptococcus
5) H. pylori
6) Klebsiella
7) S. epidermidis
8) S. saprophyticus

28
Q

mnemonic for urease-positive organisms

A

PUNCH KSS” (or CHuck Norris hates PUNKSS)

1) Proteus
2) Ureaplasma
3) Nocardia
4) Cryptococcus
5) H. pylori
6) Klebsiella
7) S. epidermidis
8) S. saprophyticus

29
Q

mnemonic for characteristics of endotoxin?

A

ENDOTOXIN

1) Edema (hypotension) - caused by C3a of complement
2) Neutrophil chemotaxis - caused by C5a of complement
3) DIC - caused by activated tissue factor
4) Outer membrane - Lipid A is inner component of LPS
5) TNFa - released by macrophages and leads to fever and hypotension
6) O-antigen - outer component of LPS
7) eXtremely heat stable
8) IL1 - released by macrophages and leads to fever
9) Nitric oxide - released by macrophages and leads to hypotension

30
Q

mnemonic: What vital interventions should be performed immediately (<1 hr) of a diagnosis of sepsis?

A

The septic six: BUFALO

1) blood - draw blood cultures them prior to antibiotic administration
2) urine - insert urinary catheter and monitor hourly urine output
3) fluid - treat hypotension with IV fluids and drugs (dopamine and norepinephrine)
4) antibiotics - administer empiric broad spectrum antibiotics stat
5) lactate (and hemoglobin) - measure serum lactate and hemoglobin levels, associated with mortality
6) oxygen - maintain oxygenation, often with high flow O2 with intubation and mechanical ventilation

31
Q

BUFALO

A

= the septic six: vital interventions that should be performed immediately (<1hr) of a diagnosis of septis

1) blood - draw blood cultures them prior to antibiotic administration
2) urine - insert urinary catheter and monitor hourly urine output
3) fluid - treat hypotension with IV fluids and drugs (dopamine and norepinephrine)
4) antibiotics - administer empiric broad spectrum antibiotics stat
5) lactate (and hemoglobin) - measure serum lactate and hemoglobin levels, associated with mortality
6) oxygen - maintain oxygenation, often with high flow O2 with intubation and mechanical ventilation

32
Q

mnemonic for the bacterial toxins encoded in a lysogenic phage

A

ABCDE

1) ShigA-like toxin
2) Botulinum toxin (certain strains)
3) Cholera toxin
4) Diphtheria toxin
5) Erythrogenic toxin of Strep. pyogenes

33
Q

ABCDE

A

= mnemonic for the 5 bacterial toxins encoded in a lysogenic phage

1) ShigA-like toxin
2) Botulinum toxin (certain strains)
3) Cholera toxin
4) Diphtheria toxin
5) Erythrogenic toxin of Strep. pyogenes

34
Q

mnemonic for how certain streptococci respond to optochin

A

OVRPS
S. viridans is optochin resistant
S. pneumoniae is optochin sensitive

35
Q

OVRPS

A

= how alpha-hemolytic (partial) streptococci respond to optochin
S. viridans is optochin resistant
S. pneumoniae is optochin sensitive

36
Q

mnemonic for how certain streptococci respond to bacitracin

A

B-BRAS
Group B strep (S. agalactiae) is bacitracin resistant
Group A strep (S. pyogenes) is bacitracin sensitive

37
Q

B-BRAS

A

= how beta-hemolytic (complete) streptococci respond to bacitracin
Group B strep (S. agalactiae) are bacitracin resistant
Group A strep (S. pyogenes) are bacitracin sensitive

38
Q

mnemonic for the major manifestations of rheumatic fever

A

JONES

1) Joints - migratory polyarthritis
2) Carditis (O for heart) - endocarditis, myocarditis, or pericarditis
3) Nodules - subcutaneous (rubbery nodules just under the skin) on extensor surfaces (wrist, elbow, knee)
4) Erythema marginatum rash - rash with a red margin that spreads out from its center
5) Sydenham’s chorea - uncontrolled dance-like movements of the extremities, usually begins 2-3 weeks after pharyngitis

39
Q

JONES

A

= major manifestations of rheumatic fever (Group A strep (S. pyogenes) infection)

1) Joints - migratory polyarthritis
2) Carditis (O for heart) - endocarditis, myocarditis, or pericarditis
3) Nodules - subcutaneous (rubbery nodules just under the skin) on extensor surfaces (wrist, elbow, knee)
4) Erythema marginatum rash - rash with a red margin that spreads out from its center
5) Sydenham’s chorea - uncontrolled dance-like movements of the extremities, usually begins 2-3 weeks after pharyngitis

40
Q

mnemonic for remembering which bacterium is associated with colorectal neoplasm

A

Bovis in the Blood; Cancer in the Colon

Streptococcus bovis

41
Q

mnemonic for remembering which disease S. bovis is associated with

A

Bovis in the Blood; Cancer in the Colon

S. bovis is associated with colorectal neoplasm

42
Q

mnemonic for remembering S. pneumoniae is the most common cause of which diseases

A

1) meningitis
2) otitis media (in childreN)
3) pneumonia
4) sinusitis

MOPS are Most Optochin Sensitive (and remember OVRPS)

43
Q

MOPS are Most Optochin Sensitive

A 
= S. pneumoniae
is the most common cause of:
1) meningitis
2) otitis media (in childreN)
3) pneumonia
4) sinusitis

and is optochin sensitive (remember OVRPS)

44
Q

mnemonic for the causes of Clostridium botulinum infection

A

BOTulism is caused by bad BOTtles of food and honey

Microbiology - Bacteria (15 decks)

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