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Microbiology - Bacteria > Chapter 1: Stains and Special culture requirements > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Stains and Special culture requirements Flashcards

1
Q

Which microbes can be stained using Wright-Giemsa? (5)

A

Certain Bugs Really Try my Patience

1) Chlamydia
2) Borrelia
3) Rickettsiae
4) Trypanosomes
5) Plasmodium

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2
Q

What stain can be used to detect Chlamydia?

A

Wright-Giemsa

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3
Q

What stain can be used to detect Borrelia?

A

Wright-Giemsa

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4
Q

What stain can be used to detect Rickettsiae?

A

Wright-Giemsa

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5
Q

What stain can be used to detect Trypanosomes?

A

Wright-Giemsa

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6
Q

What stain can be used to detect Plasmodium?

A

Wright-Giemsa

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7
Q

What does the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain for?

A

PASs the SUGAR

Used to diagnose Whipple disease (tropheryma whipplei) by staining for glycogen and mucopolysaccharides.

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8
Q

Which organisms stain with Ziehl-Neelson (carbol fuchsin)?

A

Acid fast organisms: Nocardia, Mycobacterium

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9
Q

What stain can be used to detect acid fast organisms?

A

Ziehl-Neelson (carbol fuchsin)

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10
Q

What does the India ink and mucicarmine stain for?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans (which has a thick polysaccharide capsule that stains red)

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11
Q

What stain can be used to detect crytopcoccus neoformans?

A

India ink and mucicarmine

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12
Q

What microbes does the silver stain identify?

A

1) Fungi (e.g. peneumocystis)
2) Legionella
3) Helicobacter pylori

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13
Q

H. influenzae - special culture requirement?

A

chocolate agar with factors V (NAD+) and X (hematin)

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14
Q

Which bug can be isolated with chocolate agar with factors V (NAD+) and X (hematin)?

A

H. influenzae

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15
Q

N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis - special culture requirement?

A

Thayer-Martin (or VPN) media
“to connect to Neisseria, please use your VPN client”
1) Vancomycin inhibits gram-positive organisms
2) Polymyxin inhibits gram-negative organisms except Neisseria
3) Nystatin inhibits fungi

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16
Q

Which bug can be isolated with Thayer-Martin (or VPN) media?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

N. meningitidis

17
Q

B. pertussis - special culture requirement?

A

Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar

“Bordet for Bordetella”

18
Q

Which bug can be isolated with Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar?

A

B. pertussis

“Bordet for Bordetella”

19
Q

C. diphtheriae - special culture requirement? (2)

A

Tellurite (Hoyle’s) agar

Loffler medium

20
Q

Which bug can be isolated with tellurite (Hoye’s) agar?

A

C. diphtheriae

21
Q

Which bug can be isolated with Loffler medium?

A

C. diphtheriae

22
Q

M. tuberculosis - special culture requirement?

A

Lowenstein-Jensen agar

23
Q

which bug can be isolated with Lowenstein-Jensen agar?

A

M. tuberuculosis

24
Q

M. pneumoniae - special culture requirement?

A

Eaton agar, requires cholesterol

25
Q

Which bug can be isolated with Eaton agar and requires cholesterol?

A

M. pneumoniae

26
Q

Lactose-fermenting enterics - special culture requirement? (2)

A

1) MacConkey agar (lactose fermentation produces acid and turns colonies pink)
2) E.coli is grown on eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar as colonies with green metallic sheen

27
Q

What is MacConkey agar used for?

A

Grows gram-negative bacteria (inhibits gram-positives) and turns lactose-fermenters pink

28
Q

What type of agar grows Gram-negative bacteria (inhibits the growth of Gram-positives), and turns lactose-fermenters pink?

A

MacConkey agar

29
Q

What is eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar used for?

A

Grows gram-negative bacteria (inhibits Gram-positives). Lactose fermenters display nucleated colonies: colonies with dark centers.
E.coli has a green metallic sheen

30
Q

How do Gram-negative lactose-fermenters appear on MacConkey agar?

A

pink colonies

31
Q

What type of agar grows Gram-negative bacteria (inhibits the growth of Gram-positives), and lactose-fermenters display nucleated colonies?

A

eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar

32
Q

E.coli has a green metallic sheen when grown on what kind of agar?

A

eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar

33
Q

How does E.coli appear when grown on EMB agar?

A

nucleated colonies with green metallic sheen

34
Q

How do Gram-negative lactose fermenters appear when grown on EMB agar?

A

nucleated centers

35
Q

What agars can be used to differentiate lactose from non-lactose fermenters? (2)

A

1) MacConkey agar

2) EMB agar

36
Q

Legionella - special culture requirement?

A

Charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine and iron

37
Q

Which bug grows in charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine and iron?

A

Legionella

38
Q

Fungi - special culture requirement?

A

Sabourand agar

“Sab’s a fun guy!”

39
Q

Which bug grows on Sabourand agar?

A

Fungi

“Sab’s a fun guy!”

Microbiology - Bacteria (15 decks)

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