Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology - Bacteria > Gram-positive bacteria - lab algorithm > Flashcards

Gram-positive bacteria - lab algorithm Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What are 2 tests to differentiate between the Gram-positive cocci?

A

1) appearance on Gram stain: Streptococci appear as chains(strips), and Staphylocci appear as clusters
2) catalase: Streptococci is catalase-negative, Staphyloccus is catalase-positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the Gram-positive cocci?

A

1) Streptococcus (and Enterococcus)

2) Staphlycoccus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How to differentiate between Gram-positive cocci based on morphology?

A

Streptococci appear as chains(strips)

Staphylococci appear as clusters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How to differentiate between Gram-positive cocci based on catalase test?

A

Streptococci are catalase-negative.

Staphylococci are catalase-positive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Streptococci are classified according to what ability?

A

hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

alpha hemolytic - defn

A

partially lyse RBCs (on blood agar) leaving a greenish discoloration of the culture medium surrounding the colony (which contains unlysed RBCs and a green-colored metabolite of hemoglobin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of hemolysis partially lyses RBCs and leaves a greenish discoloration of blood agar?

A

alpha hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

beta hemolysis - defn

A

completely lyses RBCs, leaving a clear zone of hemolysis around the colony on blood agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of hemolysis completely lyses RBCs and leaves a clear zone surrounding the colony?

A

beta hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

gamma hemolysis - defn

A

non-hemolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of hemolysis is non-hemolytic (unable to lyse RBCs)?

A

gamma-hemolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What bacteria are alpha hemolytic when grown on blood agar? (2)

A

1) Streptococcus pneumoniae

2) Viridans streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

S. pneumoniae displays what type of hemolysis when grown on blood agar?

A 
alpha hemolytic (partial hemolysis)
Streptococci pneumoniae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

S. viridans displays what type of hemolysis when grown on blood agar?

A 
alpha hemolysis (partial hemolysis)
Streptococci viridans
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What streptococci display beta hemolysis when grown on blood agar?

A

1) Group A Streptococcus (S. pyogenes)

2) Group B Streptococcus (S. agalactiae)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Group A strep displays what kind of hemolysis when grown on blood agar?

A

beta (complete) hemolysis

Group A = Strep pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

S. pyogenes displays what kind of hemolysis when grown on blood agar?

A

beta (complete) hemolysis

Streptococci pyogenes = Group A strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Group B streptococci display what type of hemolysis when grown on blood agar?

A

beta (complete) hemolysis

Group B strep = Streptococci agalactiae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

S. agalactiae displays what kind of hemolysis when grown on blood agar?

A

beta (complete) hemolysis

Streptococci agalactiae = Group B strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What streptococci are gamma-hemolytic? (2)

A

Group D strep: Enterococci and Nonenterococci

gamma hemolytic = non hemolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Group D streptococci display what type of hemolysis when grown on blood agar?

A

gamma-hemolytic (non-hemolytic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What type of streptococci are non-hemolytic?

A

Group D strep: enterococcus, nonenterococcus

Gamma hemolytic = non-hemolytic

22
Q

Which two antibiotics can differentiate among species of streptococci?

A

1) optochin

2) bacitracin

23
Q

Optocochin is used to differentiate among which type of hemolytic streptococci?

A

alpha-hemolytic

24
Q

The alpha-hemolytic streptococci are differentiated based on sensitivity to which antibiotic?

A

optocochin

25
Q

Optochin is used to differentiate among which bacteria?

A

Streptococci alpha hemolytics: S.pneumoniae and S. viridans
S. viridans is resistant
S. pneumo is sensitive
“OVRPS” (overpass)

26
Q

S. pneumoniae is (sensitive, resistant) to optochin

A

sensitive

“OVRPS”

27
Q

Which alpha hemolytic streptococcus is optochin sensitive?

A

S. pneumoniae

“OVRPS”

28
Q

Which alpha hemolytic streptococcus is optochin resistant?

A

S. viridans

“OVRPS”

29
Q

S. viridans is (sensitive, resistant) to optochin.

A

resistant

“OVRPS”

30
Q

The alpha hemolytic streptococci can be differentiated based on what 3 characteristics?

A

1) capsule (S. pneumo has capsule; S. viridans does not)
2) optochin (S. pneumo is sensitive; S. viridans is resistant)
3) bile (S. pneumo is lysed by (soluble in) bile; S. viridans is bile insoluble)

31
Q

How can alpha hemolytic streptococci be differentiated based on presence or absence of a capsule?

A

S. pneumoniae has a capsule

S. viridans does not have a capsule

32
Q

How can alpha hemolytic streptococci be differentiated based on bile solubility?

A

S. pneumoniae is bile soluble (lysed by bile).

S. viridans is bile insoluble (not lysed by bile).

33
Q

Bacitracin is used to differentiate among which type of hemolytic streptococci?

A

beta-hemolytic (complete hemolysis)

34
Q

The beta-hemolytic streptococci are differentiated based on sensitivity to which antibiotic?

A

bacitracin

35
Q

Bacitracin is used to differentiate among what bacteria?

A

Streptococci beta (complete) hemolytics: S.pyogenes (Group A strep) and S.agalactiae (Group B strep)
Group B strep are resistant
Group A strep are sensitive
“B-BRAS”

36
Q

Group A strep is bacitracin (sensitive, resistant)

A

sensitive

B-BRAS

37
Q

S. pyogenes is bacitracin (sensitive, resistant)

A

sensitive
S. pyogenes = Group A strep
B-BRAS

38
Q

Group B strep is bacitracin (sensitive, resistant)

A

resistant

B-BRAS

39
Q

S. agalactiae is bacitracin (sensitive, resistant)

A

resistant
S. agalactiae = Group B strep
“B-BRAS”

40
Q

Which beta-hemolytic streptococcus is bacitracin sensitive?

A

Group A strep (S. pyogenes)

B-BRAS

41
Q

Which beta-hemolytic streptococcus is bacitracin resistant?

A

Group B strep (S. agalactiae)

“B-BRAS”

42
Q

The gamma-hemolytic streptococci can be differentiated based on growth in what media?

A

bile +/- NaCl
Group D enterococci grow in bile and 6.5% NaCl
Non-enterococci grow in bile, but not in 6.5% NaCl

43
Q

The Group D streptococci can be differentiated based on growth in what media?

A

bile +/- NaCl
Group D enterococci grow in bile and 6.5% NaCl
Non-enterococci grow in bile, but not in 6.5% NaCl

44
Q

Bile +/- 6.5% NaCl is used to differentiate among what type of bacteria?

A

Gamma(non)-hemolytic streptococci
Group D enterococci grow in bile and 6.5% NaCl
Non-enterococci grow in bile, but not in 6.5% NaCl

45
Q

Which gamma-hemolytic bacteria grow in bile and 6.5% NaCl?

A

Group D strep (enterococci)

E. faecalis and E. faecium

46
Q

Which gamma-hemolytic bacteria grow in bile but not 6.5% NaCl?

A

Group D strep - nonenterococci

S. bovis and S. equinus

47
Q

Which bacteria are alpha-hemolytic? (2)

A

1) Streptococcus pneumoniae

2) Streptococcus viridans

48
Q

Which bacteria are beta-hemolytic? (4)

A

1) Staphylococcus aureus
2) Group A strep (Streptococcus pyogenes)
3) Group B strep (Streptococcus agalactiae)
4) Listeria monocytogenes

49
Q 
What bacteria is:
blue on Gram stain
cocci in chains
negative catalase test
forms green ring around colonies when grown on blood agar
optochin sensitive
A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

50
Q 
What bacteria is:
blue on Gram stain
cocci in chains
negative catalase test
forms green ring around colonies when grown on blood agar
optochin resistant
A

Streptococcus viridans

51
Q 
What bacteria is:
blue on Gram stain
cocci in chains
negative catalase test
forms clear area around colonies when grown on blood agar
bacitracin sensitive
A

Streptococcus pyogenes

52
Q 
What bacteria is:
blue on Gram stain
cocci in chains
negative catalase test
forms clear area around colonies when grown on blood agar
bacitracin resistant
A

Streptococcus agalactiae

53
Q 
What bacteria is:
blue on Gram stain
cocci in clusters
positive catalase test
forms clear area around colonies when grown on blood agar
positive coagulase test
A

Staphylococcus aureus

Microbiology - Bacteria (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions