MM reforms + MC reforms + Amritsar massacre & Rowlatt act

Question 1

when were the Morley minto reforms?

Answer 1

1909

Question 2

what was the Amritsar massacre?

Answer 2

• 1919
• jalianwala bagh
• General Dyer orders his men to shoot at a group of peaceful protestors
• many killed including women and children
• general Dyer was reprimanded but his standing was increased in British media
• outraged Indians

Question 3

what was the Rowlatt act?

Answer 3

-1919
-against justice
1 jail without bail
2 arrests without warrant
3 right of the government to decide where you live
-caused unrest and protest

Question 4

what were the Montague Chelmsford reforms?

Answer 4

-1919
-bicaremel legislature
-elected members in majority & ni. increased
-Diarchy
1 transferred (unimportant: agriculture, education, health) given to Indians
2 reserved (important: police justice revenue) to Britsih
-voters increased but still discriminatory
-vast GG powers
-did not solve Indians’ constitutional problems (disappointing)

Question 5

what were the Morley Minto reforms?

Answer 5

• improvement of the act of 1892
• increased members of legislative assemblies
• imperil council & Central executive council members increased to 60
• the first time an Indian was added to Viceroys executive council
• small voting number and discriminatory voting
• power retained by Govorner & British
• separate Muslim electorate

Question 6

what are the success and failures of the Morley Minto reforms?

Answer 6

Success

• increased members in council so Indians could express themselves
• Muslim separate electorates

Failure

• limited power of Indians
• Authority with British
• discriminatory voting & government positions

Question 7

Why were the Morely Minto reforms a failure?

Answer 7

-limited political role/authority to Indians
1 seat increased but power with Britsih
2 Indians could only give advice while the British made decisions
3 could not discuss important subjects (foreign affairs & relations with princely states)
4 only loyal, upper-class Indians who loved western culture & education could enter

-Congress disliked Separate Muslim electorates
1 communal divide/British “divide & rule” policy
2 other minorities would also ask for seats
-not close to ‘swaraj’

• discriminatory system (Indiansnot given high post in government)
• limited no. of voters as it was discriminatory
• not real democracy

Question 8

Q attempts by the Muslims, Hindus, or the British Governments in seeking a solution to the problems in the Sub Continent between 1906 & 1920?
(List, summarize, give importance, success & failure off events)

Answer 8

Main three:

• 1909 Morley Minto (failure)
• 1913 Muslim league self-rule policy & 1916 Lucknow pact (MOST IMP)
• 1919 Montague Chelmsford reforms (failure)

Others:
-1919 rowlatt act

Question 9

Rowlett Act in 1919 was the sole cause of violence in India during 1919
and 1920?

Answer 9

• Rowlatt act 1919
• Amritsar massacre 1919
• Montague Chelmsford reforms 1919

Question 10

success and failures of the Montague Chelmsford reforms

Answer 10

Success
-concessions to political parties (if they accepted British remain in control)
Failure:
-disappointment as they wanted greater concessions after WW1 1914
-given unimportant subjects while real power was in central gov (british)

Question 11

when was:
Amritsar massacre
Rowlett act
Montague Chelmsford reforms?

Answer 11

1919