Mitral stenosis Flashcards
1
Q
define mitral stenosis?
A
Mitral valve narrowing causing obstruction to blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle
2
Q
what is the epidemiology of mitral stenosis?
A
• Incidence is declining because rheumatic fever is becoming more and more rare
3
Q
what is the main cause of mitral stenosis?
A
rheumatic fever
4
Q
presenting symptoms of mitral stenosis?
A
- May be ASYMPTOMATIC
- Fatigue
- Shortness of breath on exertion
- Orthopnoea
- Palpitations
5
Q
how would you describe a mitral stenosis murmur?
A
• Mid-late diastolic murmur
o Opening snap with a low pitched rumble
6
Q
how is the mitral stenosis best heard?
A
• Best heard on expiration
7
Q
what are other signs of mitral stenosis?
A
- Loud S1 with an opening snap
- Low volume pulse
- Malar flush
- Atrial fibrillation
- Heart failure
8
Q
what are the appropriate investigations for mitral stenosis?
A
• Echocardiography
9
Q
what might be seen on ECG?
A
p-mitrale
10
Q
what might be seen on CXR?
A
o Left atrial enlargement
