Mitral Stenosis

Question 1

What are the causes of mitral stenosis?

Answer 1

1. Rheumatic heart disease

Question 2

What type of murmur is mitral stenosis?

Answer 2

Mid diastolic
Apex
Loudest through on left hand side with held expiration

Question 3

What other features is mitral stenosis associated?

Answer 3

1. Opening snap
2. Tapping apex
3. AF
4. Loud first heart sound
5. Mitral flush

Question 4

What are the differentials for a mitral stenosis murmur?

Answer 4

1. Austin Flint murmur - severe aortic regurgitation causes blood to strike on the mitral valve (best heard in mitral area)
2. Carey coombs (mitral valvulitis in rheumatic fever)
3. Tricuspid stenosis (rheumatic)