Cyanotic Heart Defects

Question 1

What are the 4 defects in Tatralogy of Fallot?

Answer 1

VORP

VSD
Overriding aorta
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Pulmonary Artery Stenosis

Question 2

What are the clinical signs of VSD?

Answer 2

Pan-systolic murmur at left sternal edge

Question 3

What are the clinical signs of Overriding Aorta?

Answer 3

1. Central Cyanosis
2. Clubbing

Question 4

What are the clinical signs of Right Ventricular Hypertrophy?

Answer 4

1. Left parasternal heave
2. Systolic thrill

Question 5

What is the clinical sign of Pulmonary Artery Stenosis?

Answer 5

Early-systolic murmur over pulmonary area

Question 6

What is the old surgical technique for Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 6

Blalcock-Taussing

The pulmonary artery is anastamosed with the sublacvian artery.

Directs blood flow to the lungs to relieve cyanosis

Part of the 3 stage palliative Norwood procedure

Question 7

What are the clinical features of Blalcock-Taussing surgical technique?

Answer 7

1. Thoracotomy scar
2. Absent radial pulse

Question 8

What are the complications of Tetralogy of Fallot? (3)

Answer 8

SEE the complications of ToF
1. Syncope
2. Embolism
3. Endocarditis

Question 9

What are the features of Tetralogy of Fallot on CXR?

Answer 9

1. Boot-shaped heart
2. Enlarged right ventricle
3. Reduced vascular markings on lung fields

Question 10

What is eisenmenger’s?

Answer 10

Long-standing right heart overload causes pulmonary hypertension which eventually leads to the reversal of the shunt. Clubbing, cyanosis.

Question 11

What are the cyanosis heart defects?

Answer 11

1. Tetralogy of fallot
2. Transposition of the great arteries
3. Eisenmenger’s

Question 12

What investigations should be done for cyanotic heart disease?

Answer 12

1. X-Ray - boot shaped heart
2. ECHO
3. ECG - in ToF has right axis deviation with RVH
4. Cardiac catheterisation