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General Biology > Mitosis & Meiosis > Flashcards

Mitosis & Meiosis Flashcards

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1
Q

This is an immature Egg Cell.

A

Oocyte

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2
Q

This is a mature Egg Cell

A

Ova

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3
Q

These are the main sex organs such as testes and ovary.

A

Gonads

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4
Q

What are other terms for testes?

A

Testicles or Testis

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5
Q

This serves as a jacket for the testes

A

Scrotum

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6
Q

What are the genitals for sexual interactions of male and female?

A

Vagina & Penis

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7
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have?

A

23 pairs, 46 in total

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8
Q

These are a ribbon-like structure of compressed DNA. It is 100x condensed than normal DNA.

A

Chromosome

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9
Q

This is an untangled structure of DNA, condensed 50x than normal DNA.

A

Chromatin

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10
Q

Either of the two strands of a replicated chromosome that is called the sister chromatid.

A

chromatid

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11
Q

This contains the genetic code of organisms and have an appearance of a chain-like molecule.

A

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

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12
Q

It is a basic physical unit of inheritance, and a long stretch of DNA that have codes.

A

gene

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13
Q

A single set of chromosomes, found in asexual reproduction.

A

Haploid

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14
Q

Two sets of chromosomes, found in sexual reproduction.

A

Diploid

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15
Q

Maternal and fraternal chromosomes that is paired up together. Not held by a centromere and completely identical.

A

Homologous Chromosomes

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15
Q

These are two identical copies of the same chromosome formed by DNA replication.

A

Sister Chromatids

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16
Q

The controlling unit of the cell and contains genetic material in a form of chromatin fibers.

A

Nucleus

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17
Q

This divides the inner and outer content of the nucleolus.

A

Nuclear membrane

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18
Q

It is a part of the nucleus that allows entry and exiting of substances.

A

Nuclear Pores

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19
Q

It is a jelly-like structure that holds the chromatin.

A

Nucleoplasm

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20
Q

What are the two types of Cell Division?

A

Mitosis and Meiosis

21
Q

This is described as the resting phase or preparatory phase for cell division. It carries functions such as respiration and enzyme reproduction.

A

Interphase

22
Q

What are the three phases of Interphase?

A

G1 Phase
S Phase
G2 Phase

23
Q

This is the phase where the cell grows as the amount of cytoplasm and cell organelles increase.

A

G1 Phase or Pre-Synthesis Phase

24
Q

This is the period of replication where DNA makes an exact copy of itself.

A

S Phase or Synthesis Phase

25
Q

It prepares the cell for cell division

A

G2 Phase or Post-Synthesis phase

26
Q

This is the division of cells wherein it involves somatic or body cells.

A

Mitosis

27
Q

This is the division of cells wherein it involves sex cells such as egg cells & sperm.

A

Meiosis

28
Q

A form of meiosis wherein it assists in sperm production of males.

A

Spermatogenesis

29
Q

This is the ovum production in females

A

Oogenesis

30
Q

This is responsible for the increase in weight, height, and development in the human body.

A

Mitosis

31
Q

It is a series of phases in cell division in which the nucleus of the cells divide into nuclei with identical genetic material.

A

Mitosis

32
Q

The division of the nucleus of the cell is known as _____

A

Karyokinesis

33
Q

This is the organelle present in animal cells but not in plant cells.

A

Centriole

34
Q

It is a barrel shaped organelle located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope. It is the structural system of the cell.

A

Centrioles

35
Q

What are the phases of Mitosis?

A

PMAT

36
Q

The nuclear membrane and nucleolus begin to breakdown.

The chromatins become double stranded and allow them to connect together.

The spindle fibers are then developed.

A

Prophase

37
Q

The centrioles are in the opposite poles of the cell, and the nucleus are no longer present. The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

A

Metaphase

38
Q

The centromere of each chromosome divides by the spindle fibers and moves towards the opposite poles. Cytokinesis begins as the cell membrane begins to form a cleavage. The nuclear membrane and nucleolus forms.

A

Anaphase

39
Q

Chromosomes reach the opposite pole and the spindle fiber disappears. The chromosomes uncoil and the nucleus reforms. The cytoplasm divides and a plasma membrane partitions the cell. Two daughter cells are formed.

A

Telophase

40
Q

Means of reproduction of unicellular cells like amoeba, paramecium, yeast, etc.

Matured, single celled creatures divide by forming new single celled but genetically identical individuals.

A

Binary Fission

41
Q

This is located in the central area or chromosomes and links a pair of sister chromatids

A

Centromere

42
Q

Each chromatid is attached by a structure in the centromere called _____

A

Kinetochore

43
Q

He discovered that new cells are formed through cell division.

A

Rudolf Virchow

44
Q

This is the term for when the cytoplasm divides.

A

Cytokinesis

45
Q

What kind of chromosomes are amoeba?

A

Haploid (n)

46
Q

What kind of chromosomes do asexual organisms produce?

A

Haploid (n)

47
Q

How many non-homologous chromosomes do haploids have?

A

Three

48
Q

What kind of chromosomes do humans have?

A

Diploid (2n)

49
Q

Every cell in the human body has diploid cells except ___.

A

Sperm and egg cells, which combine to produce a zygote (2n).

General Biology (9 decks)

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