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General Biology > cell modification > Flashcards

cell modification Flashcards

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1
Q

Needs to undergo modification to cater to its other tasks and function.

A

Cell Specialization/Modification/Differentiation

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2
Q

This is the process that occurs after cell division where the newly formed cells are structurally modified to perform efficiently.

A

Cell Specialization

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3
Q

What are the three types of Cell Modification?

A

Apical, Lateral, Basal

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4
Q

Type of cell modification that is found in the lateral surface (toward to the side).

A

Lateral Modification

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5
Q

This type of modification happens at the side of the cell.

A

Lateral Modification

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6
Q

Also known as the communicating junction.

A

Gap Junction

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7
Q

Ares wherein the membranes of the two cells join together to form a barrier.

A

Tight Junction

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8
Q

Acts as a barrier that regulate the movement of water & solutes between epithelial layers.

A

Tight Junction

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9
Q

Allows ions and small molecules to pass from one cell to the next for the intercellular communications.

A

Gap Junction

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10
Q

It anchors junction on the lateral surface of the cell.

A

Adherence Junction

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11
Q

Fastens one cell to another cell.

A

Adherence Junction

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12
Q

Type of Cell Modification that is found in the apical surface (Apex.)

A

Apical Junction

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13
Q

It is a compound secreted by the cell on its apical surface.

A

Extracellular Matrix

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14
Q

This is the extracellular structure of plant cells that distinguishes them from animal cells.

A

Cell Wall

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15
Q

The main ingredient of ECM in animal cells.

A

Glycoprotein

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16
Q

This is also known as Cell Modification or Cell Differentiation

A

Cell Specialization

17
Q

These are temporary irregular lodes found in amoebas and some other eukaryote (multicellular) cells.

A

Pseudopods

18
Q

“False Foot” that slowly moves the protist.

A

Pseudopods

19
Q

Examples of protists

A

Algae, Amoeba, Fungi

20
Q

Fingerlike projections that arise from the epithelial layer in some organs.

A

Villi

21
Q

The smaller projections from the epithelial layer.

A

Microvilli

22
Q

Prevents leakage of Extracellular Fluid

A

Lateral Modification

23
Q

They arise from the cell’s surface that also increase surface area allowing faster & more efficient absorption.

A

Villi & Microvilli

24
Q

Type of cell modification that is found at the bottom part of the cell.

A

Basal Modification

25
Q

Connects the intermediate filaments of adjacent cells.

A

Desmosomes

26
Q

Connect the basal surface of an epithelial cell to the basement membrane of the extracellular matrix.

A

Hemidesmosome

27
Q

These modifications anchor the junction on the basal and lateral surface of the cell.

A

Desmosomes & Hemidesmosomes

28
Q

Rivet-like links between cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components such as the basal lamina that underlie epithelia

A

Basal Modification

29
Q

What do the basal modifications contain?

A

Keratin, Integrin, Cadherin

30
Q

Type of protein for strength & protection

A

Keratin

31
Q

Cell adhesion molecule that mediates cell to extracellular adhesion.

A

Integrin

32
Q

Cell adhesion molecule that mediates cell to cell adhesion.

A

Cadherin

33
Q

Other specialized modifications include the development of nerve cells, muscle cells, red blood cells, and sperm cells.

A

Specialized cell

34
Q

These specialized cells monitors the plant internal condition, changing their shape according to those conditions.

A

Root hairs and guard cells

35
Q

Specialized to transport oxygen.

A

Red Blood Cells

36
Q

Possess large number of organelles needed for protein export including a well developed golgi apparatus and clusters of storage vacuole.

A

Pancreatic Cells

37
Q

These cells secrete enzymes.

A

Pancreatic Cells

38
Q

Packed with fibers arranged in a tight regular pattern that is used for the human ability to move.

A

Muscle cells & Skeletal Cells

39
Q

Structurally, the skeletal muscles & muscle cells are composed of ____

A

Myocytes

General Biology (9 decks)

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