Mitosis

Question 1

what is the cell cycle and what happens during it?

Answer 1

needed to keep multicellular organisms alive and makes growth happen.

Question 2

what happens in the start of mitosis?

Answer 2

chromasomes condenses to form chromatin

Question 3

what happens in the interphase?

Answer 3

Dna replicates, organelle replication and cell gorwth

Question 4

what happens in the prophase?

Answer 4

chromatin condenses into chromosomes, nuclear membrane breaks down and spindle fibres form from centrioles

Question 5

what happens in the metaphase?

Answer 5

chromosomes move to the equator of the cell, spindle fibres attach to the centromeres

Question 6

what happens in the anaphase?

Answer 6

spindle fibres contract and shorten, centromere divides pulling sister chromatids apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 7

what happens in the telophase?

Answer 7

chromatids uncoil, two new nuclei form around two chromatids, spindle fibres break down

Question 8

what are the cells able to do at the end of mitosis?

Answer 8

cells can now grow and repair themselves

Question 9

what does cytokensis do?

Answer 9

cytoplasm and cell membrane divide forming two separate cells

Question 10

how do you calculate cell division?

Answer 10

original cells x 2n = total new cells

n = number of divisions

Question 11

how do you calculate the number of divisions?

Answer 11

n = log2 (total new cells/ original cells)

Question 12

what are tumours?

Answer 12

a mass of abnormal cells resulting from cells dividing uncontrollably

Question 13

what is a benigin tumour?

Answer 13

a slow growing, non-invasive growth

Question 14

what is a maligant tumour?

Answer 14

a fast growing, invasive and destructive growth

Question 15

why are some cancer treatments designed to control rate of cell division?

Answer 15

by disrupting cell cycle to prevent Dna synthesis or inhibiting metaphase

Question 16

what does the abreveation IPMATC mean?

Answer 16

interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokensis

Question 17

how do you perform the root tip practical to find mitosis?

Answer 17

1. Heat HCL at 60 celcius in a water bath
2. cut root tips (2mm) each and atleast three pieces
3. add root tip to HCL and leave for 5 minutes
4. remove from HCL and wash with cold water then take the very tip of the root then dry
5. place on a slide and add iodine solution, then place cover slip with no bubbles

……….
should see the beginning of mitosis