Mitosis Flashcards
what is the cell cycle and what happens during it?
needed to keep multicellular organisms alive and makes growth happen.
what happens in the start of mitosis?
chromasomes condenses to form chromatin
what happens in the interphase?
Dna replicates, organelle replication and cell gorwth
what happens in the prophase?
chromatin condenses into chromosomes, nuclear membrane breaks down and spindle fibres form from centrioles
what happens in the metaphase?
chromosomes move to the equator of the cell, spindle fibres attach to the centromeres
what happens in the anaphase?
spindle fibres contract and shorten, centromere divides pulling sister chromatids apart to opposite poles of the cell.
what happens in the telophase?
chromatids uncoil, two new nuclei form around two chromatids, spindle fibres break down
what are the cells able to do at the end of mitosis?
cells can now grow and repair themselves
what does cytokensis do?
cytoplasm and cell membrane divide forming two separate cells
how do you calculate cell division?
original cells x 2n = total new cells
n = number of divisions
how do you calculate the number of divisions?
n = log2 (total new cells/ original cells)
what are tumours?
a mass of abnormal cells resulting from cells dividing uncontrollably
what is a benigin tumour?
a slow growing, non-invasive growth
what is a maligant tumour?
a fast growing, invasive and destructive growth
why are some cancer treatments designed to control rate of cell division?
by disrupting cell cycle to prevent Dna synthesis or inhibiting metaphase
