Mitochondrial Bioenergetics - Correlation Boxes

Question 1

What role does Ca play in the PDC?

Answer 1

When Ca released in tissues it binds to PDP which activates the PDC

Question 2

Neonatal Lactic Acidosis is a defect in what part of the PDC? What are 2 Tx for the Dx?

Answer 2

Defect in E1

Tx = Dichloroacetate or Ketogenic diet

Question 3

How does Arsenite affect the PDC?

Answer 3

Irreversibly binds to lipoic acid, inhibiting the function of E2

Question 4

What is BeriBeri syndrome?

Answer 4

Insufficiency in B1 leading to impaired PDC function

Question 5

What is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

Answer 5

Form of BeriBeri in chronic alcoholics due to Thiamine deficiency caused by ethanol inhibiting absorption of Thiamine

Question 6

What is the ATP:ADP and NADH:NAD+ ratios in energy rich and energy poor cells?

Answer 6

Energy rich = high ATP:ADP, low NADH:NAD+

Energy poor = low ATP:ADP, high NADH:NAD+

Question 7

How does rat poison inhibit the TCA cycle?

Answer 7

Rat poison = Fluoroacetate
Reacts with acetyl-CoA + oxaloacetate to form fluorocitrate which competitively inhibits aconitase and isocitrate production

Question 8

Algonkian Indians are known for having a deficiency in what enzyme?

Answer 8

Pyruvate carboxylase

Leads to increased production of lactic acid

Question 9

How does Rotenone affect the ETC and what is it commonly used in?

Answer 9

Rotenone = pesticide

Inhibits complex I and prevents e- from moving to CoQ

Question 10

How does Cyanide poisoning affect the ETC?

Answer 10

Inhibits O2 reduction by binding to Fe2+ in complex IV

Question 11

How does Aspirin overdose affect the ETC?

Answer 11

High levels of salicylate uncouples OxPhos –> energy dissipation as heat –> hyperthermia