mitigating climate change Flashcards
what is mitigation
reducing/preventing climate change
what are the four methods of mitigating climate change
-international agreements
-planting trees
-carbon capture
-alternative energy production
what was the aim of the Paris agreement
to avoid dangerous CC
- limit GW to (below 2 degrees) as IPCC says that is the utmost limit that will have serious effect
when was the Paris agreement signed, and how many nations signed it?
-2016
-196 nations
what international agreement happened in 1992
-the earth summit international conference in Rio recognised the harmful effects, focused on need for industrialised countries to reduce emissions
what international agreement happened in Glasgow 2021
-world leaders agreed to reduce deforestation rate
-cut methane emissions
-use less coal
burning FF contributed to how much percentage of human produced co2
89%
between jan and march 2020 how much of the UKs electricity came from renewables
50%
by 2030 how much has the UK government set a target for renewable energy use
65%
what is the rise in renewable energy sources in the uk due to
investment in
-offshore wind farms and -development of solar farms
-and new nuclear reactor at Hinkley point, Somerset
in 2018 how much of global energy did renewables account for
26%
by 2040 how much is the global use of renewable meant to rise to
45%
what is carbon capture and storage
using technology to capture CO2 from FF in electricity generation and industrial processes
how much C02 can a carbon capture, capture ideated of it entering the atmosphere
90%
what is the process of carbon capture and storage
-carbon gas is compressed
-then transported by pipeline to injection wells
-its injected as a liquid into the ground
-stored as geological reservoirs (such as underground aquifers and ff deposits)
in 2014 what became the first commercial carbon capture coal-fired power station
Boundary Dam in Canada
by 2019 how many commercial Caron captures were there across the world
17
what is a limitation of building comercial carbon captures
they are very expensive
why are trees good for mitigating CC
-they act as carbon sinks
-they remove and store C02
-release moisture and create cooling effect by producing more cloud and reducing incoming solar radiation
what did the IPCC suggest about trees in 2019
that afforestation and reforestation have huge potential
what is afforestation
planting trees in an area that has not been planted on previously
what is reforestation
planting trees in an area where deforestation has occurred
scientist say planting how many trees? for how much money? would be cost effective to take C02 out of the atmosphere
-1 trillion trees
-costing about $300 billion USD
planting 1 trillion trees, in 50-100 years could take how much C02 out the atmosphere
200 billion tonnes
how much Carbon does the USA emit per year
5 billion tonnes
