changes in the UKs economy Flashcards
what is deindustrialisation
the decline in traditional industries such as manufactrning, due to a replacement of technology and other countries providing cheap labour
what is globalisation
the growth and spread of ideas around he world
-due to increased world trade and cheaper imported products
what is a post industrial economy
where manufacturing industry declines and is replaces by the tertiary and quaternary sector
in 2019 how many people were employed in IT-related industries
775,000
in 2019 what percentage of economic output came from service industries and finance
81%
how many people does the UK research sector employ
250,000
what is a science park
a group of scientific and technological based businesses located on a single site
how many businesses does the university of Southampton science park have
100
what are the benefits of the Southampton science park
-good transport links (m3, Southampton international airport and rail links)
-links with university
-good location and green areas
what is a business park
an area of land occupied by businesses
why are business parks usually on the edges of towns
-land is cheaper and more available
-access is better with less congestion
-businesses can benefit from working together
what is an example of a business park
cobalt business park, Newcastle upon tyne
what do businesses in cobalt park qualify for
governmental assistance
what transport links do cobalt business park have
-next to A19
-close to A1
-20 minutes from international airport
what are 3 examples of businesses in the cobalt business park
-santander
-siemens
-IBM
what does quarrying in the UK effect
-destroy natural habitats
-polluet water courses
-scar landscapes
how can industrial development be more sustainable
-technology can be used to reduce harmful emissions
-desulphurisation can remove harmful gases
what is an example of a quarry in the uk
Torr quarry Somerset
how many people do torr quarry employ
100
how much money does torr quarry contribute to the local economy each year
£15 million
how is torr quarry being restored
being restored to create wildlife lakes
why is regular monitoring used in torr quarry
to monitor noise, vibration, dust and water quality
what is the south west superhighway
-£2 billion rad widening project on A303
-creating a dual carriageway to Exeter and beyond
what is Londons cross rail
-railway across London that links reading and Heathrow to Sheffield and Abbey Wood
what is good about Londons cross rail
-reduce journey times across London
-bring additional 1.5 mill people within 45 minutes commuting distance of Londons key business districts
what is Liverpool 2
a new container terminal on the port of Liverpool opened in 2016
what are the advanatges of liverpool2
-creare over 5000 jobs
-boost economy of NW
-reudce freight traffic on roads
in 2015 what did the government recommend to build in Heathrow and how much will it cost
a third terminal expecting to cost £19 billion
how much money will a third runway produce
£61 billion
how much jobs is the third runway due to create
77,000 local jobs
what are the disadvantages of a third runway at Heathrow
-hundreds of homes will have to be demolished
-increase noise levels
what is the north and south divide in the UK
-refers to the real or imagined cultural differences between the north and south of the UK
why is there a north and south divide
-during the Industrial Revolution the UKs growth was centred on heavy industries and engineering in the north but many industries have declined since the 1970s and the south have developed rapidly due to a fast growing service sector
what are the aims of enterprise zones
encourage new businesses and jobs
-goverment supplies a business rate discount
-super fast broadband
-simpler planning regulations
