Mistakes, 2nd row, bag 2

Question 1

theoretical yield

Answer 1

the amount product that would be formed, if the limiting reactant were fully consumed

Question 2

substrate, biology

Answer 2

the surface or material on which an organism lives, or from which it derives nourishment

Question 3

substrate, biochemistry

Answer 3

a molecule on which an enzyme acts

Question 4

catalyst (4)

Answer 4

(1) something that facilitates a chemical reaction and increases the rate of reaction
(2) but does not itself undergo permanent chemical change
(3) one example of this is an enzyme
(4) typically written as “in the presence of” or over the top of the yield arrow

Question 5

complex reaction (4)

Answer 5

(1) aka multistep reaction (2) this has a multiple peaks on the energy profile (3) as well as a reaction mechanism; (4) a reaction that occurs in 2 or more elementary steps

Question 6

intermediate (3)

Answer 6

(1) aka reaction intermediate (2) produced in one step of a reaction mechanism, and consumed in another step (3) when all reactants and products for a multistep are written down, these will cancel out

Question 7

how things increase reaction rate

Answer 7

for surface area, concentration, and temperature, it is by increasing the rate of particle collisions

Question 8

reaction mechanism

Answer 8

the sequence of elementary steps by which a multistep reaction occurs

Question 9

(1) of a reaction or reaction step, the number of reactants (2) equal to the sum of the stoichiometric coefficients of the reactants

Answer 9

molecularity

Question 10

order of a reaction (2)

Answer 10

(1) the extent to which the rate of reaction varies in proportion to the concentration of a particular reactant (2) this determines the exponent of that reactant in the rate law

Question 11

induced-fit model, continued

Answer 11

perhaps some of these non-covalent interactions cause a shift in e- density at the active site which lower the activation energy and speed up the overall reaction

Question 12

first order reaction

Answer 12

one in which the rate of reaction varies proportionally with the concentration of a reactant

Question 13

active site (2)

Answer 13

(1) the part of an enzyme that the substrate binds to (2) this changes shape slightly when the substrate binds to it

Question 14

enzyme (2)

Answer 14

(1) a biological catalyst that speeds up biochemical reactions in organisms, (2) often by orders of magnitude

Question 15

pre-equilibrium approximation (3)

Answer 15

(1) used to find the rate law for a reaction with a fast and reversible initial step (2) set the rate law for the fast initial step equal to the rate law for the reverse of that step, and solve for intermediate, in terms of the reactants (3) this substitutes for intermediates, in the rate law, thus eliminating intermediates from the rate law

Question 16

energy profile, chemistry (3)

Answer 16

(1) a graph showing (2) reaction progress on the x-axis and (3) amount of energy among the reacting species on the y-axis