++deck 1 misses sem. 1-5

Question 1

Ionic solids (4)

Answer 1

(1) conductive when dissolved in water (2) hard (3) brittle (4) a poor conductor of electricity because it’s valence e- are localized on the anions

Question 2

Molecular solids (3)

Answer 2

(1) poor conductors of electricity (2) experience intermolecular forces (3) relatively low melting points, especially compared to covalent network solids

Question 3

deuteron, triton (2)

Answer 3

(1) a hydron with one and two neutrons, respectively (2) or in other words, two and three nucleons, respectively

Question 4

finding ionization energy from PES (2)

Answer 4

(1) look for peaks corresponding to individual subshells (2) cannot be extrapolated to 2nd ionization energy, because once an e- is removed, the remaining ones will be held more tightly by the nucleus

Question 5

redox reaction (2)

Answer 5

(1) short for reduction-oxidation reaction (2) a reaction in which one or more atoms change their oxidation number (ie, gain or lose electrons)

Question 6

tetrahedron (2)

Answer 6

(1) a solid figure having four equal, triangular faces (2) a triangle based pyramid

Question 7

charge vs mass (4)

Answer 7

(1) two fundamental properties of objects and particles (2) the former is how strongly it responds to an electrical force (3) the latter is how strongly it responds to a gravitational force (4) ie how strongly such forces will “pull on it”

Question 8

KMT(3)

Answer 8

(1) particles of a gas are in constant random motion(2) their volume is negligible compared to the volume of the container in which they reside(3) they experience no intermolecular forces, ie attraction/repulsion

Question 9

determining boiling point and melting point (4)

Answer 9

(1) check for hydrogen bonds(2) if not, check for dipole-dipole forces with a large difference in electronegativity of atoms(3) if not, check for London dispersion forces (4) the stronger the intermolecular forces are, the higher these will be

Question 10

polarizability (4)

Answer 10

(1) the ability of matter, when subjected to an electric field, or to permanent dipole-dipole forces, to acquire a temporary dipole(2) aka “induced dipole” (3) larger molecules are more polarizable because they have more total e- (4) molecules that are less bunched up and expose more surface area, are more polarizable

Question 11

amorphous covalent network solids (3)

Answer 11

(1) rubber, plastic, gels, glass(2) no distinct melting point(3) no definite lattice structure

Question 12

resonance (4)

Answer 12

(1) aka mesomerism(2) when there are multiple valid Lewis dot structures for a single molecule(3) ie where to put the pi bond or lone pair etc, and it actually exists as a dotted line in the resonance hybrid, representing a partial bond(4) when this occurs, you must evaluate the formal charge in order to find the resonance hybrid

Question 13

3D lattice characterizes (2)

Answer 13

(1) ionic solids(2) crystalline covalent network solids

Question 14

Hz (3)

Answer 14

(1) stands for Hertz(2) the SI unit of frequency(3) equal to 1 cycle per second

Question 15

cuvette (2)

Answer 15

(1) a flat-sided, optically clear container(2) used for holding liquid samples in a spectrophotometer or other instrument

Question 16

checking chemical equations (2)

Answer 16

(1) they must be balanced in terms of mass/elements on each side, aka stoichiometry(2) as well as in terms of charge, based on the oxidation number

Question 17

substrate, biology

Answer 17

the surface or material on which an organism lives, or from which it derives nourishment

Question 18

substrate, biochemistry

Answer 18

a molecule on which an enzyme acts

Question 19

catalyst (4)

Answer 19

(1) something that facilitates a chemical reaction and increases the rate of reaction(2) but does not itself undergo permanent chemical change(3) one example of this is an enzyme(4) typically written as “in the presence of” or over the top of the yield arrow

Question 20

complex reaction (4)

Answer 20

(1) aka multistep reaction (2) this has a multiple peaks on the energy profile (3) as well as a reaction mechanism; (4) a reaction that occurs in 2 or more elementary steps

Question 21

isomerism

Answer 21

when compounds have the same chemical formula, but different arrangement of atoms, and different properties