++deck 1 misses sem. 1-5 Flashcards
Ionic solids (4)
(1) conductive when dissolved in water (2) hard (3) brittle (4) a poor conductor of electricity because it’s valence e- are localized on the anions
Molecular solids (3)
(1) poor conductors of electricity (2) experience intermolecular forces (3) relatively low melting points, especially compared to covalent network solids
deuteron, triton (2)
(1) a hydron with one and two neutrons, respectively (2) or in other words, two and three nucleons, respectively
finding ionization energy from PES (2)
(1) look for peaks corresponding to individual subshells (2) cannot be extrapolated to 2nd ionization energy, because once an e- is removed, the remaining ones will be held more tightly by the nucleus
redox reaction (2)
(1) short for reduction-oxidation reaction (2) a reaction in which one or more atoms change their oxidation number (ie, gain or lose electrons)
tetrahedron (2)
(1) a solid figure having four equal, triangular faces (2) a triangle based pyramid
charge vs mass (4)
(1) two fundamental properties of objects and particles (2) the former is how strongly it responds to an electrical force (3) the latter is how strongly it responds to a gravitational force (4) ie how strongly such forces will “pull on it”
KMT(3)
(1) particles of a gas are in constant random motion(2) their volume is negligible compared to the volume of the container in which they reside(3) they experience no intermolecular forces, ie attraction/repulsion
determining boiling point and melting point (4)
(1) check for hydrogen bonds(2) if not, check for dipole-dipole forces with a large difference in electronegativity of atoms(3) if not, check for London dispersion forces (4) the stronger the intermolecular forces are, the higher these will be
polarizability (4)
(1) the ability of matter, when subjected to an electric field, or to permanent dipole-dipole forces, to acquire a temporary dipole(2) aka “induced dipole” (3) larger molecules are more polarizable because they have more total e- (4) molecules that are less bunched up and expose more surface area, are more polarizable
amorphous covalent network solids (3)
(1) rubber, plastic, gels, glass(2) no distinct melting point(3) no definite lattice structure
resonance (4)
(1) aka mesomerism(2) when there are multiple valid Lewis dot structures for a single molecule(3) ie where to put the pi bond or lone pair etc, and it actually exists as a dotted line in the resonance hybrid, representing a partial bond(4) when this occurs, you must evaluate the formal charge in order to find the resonance hybrid
3D lattice characterizes (2)
(1) ionic solids(2) crystalline covalent network solids
Hz (3)
(1) stands for Hertz(2) the SI unit of frequency(3) equal to 1 cycle per second
cuvette (2)
(1) a flat-sided, optically clear container(2) used for holding liquid samples in a spectrophotometer or other instrument
checking chemical equations (2)
(1) they must be balanced in terms of mass/elements on each side, aka stoichiometry(2) as well as in terms of charge, based on the oxidation number
substrate, biology
the surface or material on which an organism lives, or from which it derives nourishment
substrate, biochemistry
a molecule on which an enzyme acts
catalyst (4)
(1) something that facilitates a chemical reaction and increases the rate of reaction(2) but does not itself undergo permanent chemical change(3) one example of this is an enzyme(4) typically written as “in the presence of” or over the top of the yield arrow
complex reaction (4)
(1) aka multistep reaction (2) this has a multiple peaks on the energy profile (3) as well as a reaction mechanism; (4) a reaction that occurs in 2 or more elementary steps
isomerism
when compounds have the same chemical formula, but different arrangement of atoms, and different properties
