++ deck 2 misses sem. 1-5

Question 1

order of a reaction (2)

Answer 1

(1) the effect that a change in concentration of a particular reactant has on the rate of the overall reaction (2) 1st, 2nd, 3rd order in [a particular reactant] (3) this determines the exponent of that particular reactant, in the rate law

Question 2

enzyme (2)

Answer 2

(1) a biological catalyst that speeds up biochemical reactions in organisms, (2) often by orders of magnitude

Question 3

noble gas configuration (3)

Answer 3

(1) aka noble gas notation (2) the element symbol of the last noble gas prior to that atom, in brackets, substitutes for the e- configuration up to that point (3) an abbreviated form of e- configuration

Question 4

acid vs base, regular definition (3)

Answer 4

(1) the former contains an excess of H+ ions (2) the latter contains an excess of OH- ions (3) or dissociates into such ions in solution

Question 5

Balancing redox in acidic solution

Answer 5

After you balance O and H, then you add electrons

Question 6

caveat to e- affinity (2)

Answer 6

(1) in a given subshell, e- fill unfilled orbitals before completing partially filled ones (2) this causes minor variations/exceptions to the overall periodic trend for e- affinity

Question 7

conjugate acid

Answer 7

formed when a Bronsted-Lowry base gains a proton

Question 8

oxidation

Answer 8

the loss of electrons

Question 9

mole ratio (2)

Answer 9

(1) the ratio in moles of reacting species in a chemical equation, (2) or in atoms, between substances in an empirical formula

Question 10

transition state (5)

Answer 10

(1) aka activated complex, this is (2) the peak on an energy profile and (3) a point of highest potential energy in which (4) some bonds are in the process of breaking, and others in the process of being formed; (5) here, neither products nor reactants exist, but something in between

Question 11

unimolecular reaction/step (2)

Answer 11

(1) one in which a single reactant molecule breaks down into two or more products (2) aka decomposition reaction

Question 12

units for rate constant (2)

Answer 12

(1) these vary depending on the overall order of the reaction (2) when a pre-equilibrium approximation is performed, multiple values for k combine to form a new value of k

Question 13

radioisotope (2)

Answer 13

(1) an unstable form of a chemical element which (2) releases radiation as it breaks down/decays and becomes more stable

Question 14

types of covalent network solids (3)

Answer 14

(1) crystalline and amorphous (2) amorphous typically opaque (3) crystalline typically transparent or translucent, as well as harder and stronger

Question 15

dissociate, chemistry

Answer 15

of a compound, to break apart into separate smaller atoms, ions, or molecules, usually in a reversible manner (as via hydration)

Question 16

mobile phase (2)

Answer 16

(1) the nonpolar solvent that in chromatography undergoes capillary action (2) through the polar stationary phase, drawing the solute dot along with it

Question 17

molecularity (3)

Answer 17

(1) of a reaction or reaction step, this is (2) the number of reactants that come together to form the products, equal to (3) the sum of the stoichiometric coefficients of the reactants

Question 18

chemical species (2)

Answer 18

(1) a specific type of atom, ion, or compound (2) with a specific chemical formula and charge

Question 19

flask (3)

Answer 19

(1) a container for liquids (2) used in laboratories (3) with a narrow neck and a body that is conical or spherical

Question 20

corrode

Answer 20

to destroy or damage (metal, stone, etc) slowly by chemical action

Question 21

special oxidation numbers

Answer 21

(1) fluorine is always minus 1, in compounds (2) oxygen is usually minus 2 (3) hydrogen is usually plus 1 (4) halogens are usually minus 1 in compounds, unless bonded to oxygen or fluorine (5) group one and two cations are plus one and two respectively, and they are always so, because they only form ionic compounds