Miscellaneous substance Flashcards
23 yo in ER after party. Dehydration, dilated pupils, HTN, elevated CPK. Which drug did he take?
MDMA
35 yo in ED with hypoventilation, blue lips, pinpoint pupils, crackles on lung auscultation, mild arrhythmia on EKG. Most likely drug of abuse?
Codeine
A state of general fatigue, hyper somnolence, and depression may be seen during a patient’s withdrawal from
Cocaine
While intoxicated with a psychomimetic drug, a young man reports “seeing sounds” and a “pattern of colors like fireworks or colored flames” associated with real auditory stimuli. What best describes this type of sensory experience?
Synesthesia
After cannabis ingestion (in chronic use) ut can be detected in urine for how long?
One month
Best describes the intervention goal associated with contemplation stage of substance abuse tx using motivational enhancement therapy?
Acknowledge ambivalence and evoke reasons to change
The large number of CB1 cannabinoid R found int he hippocampus best explains cannabis’ negative effects on
Short term memory
Acute caffeine withdrawal symptoms include
Headache
What is NOT likely to be an effective intervention for a physician with a substance abuse problem?
Observing the patient until he/she becomes motivated to seek tx
Which drug causes euphoria, a feeling like “flying above the dance floor”, social withdrawal, nystagmus
Ketamine
What does the pentobarbital challenge test do?
Estimates the starting dose of pentobarbital used for barbiturate detoxification
Person who smokes a pack of cig/day stops smoking and has a need for cig after every meal. This is…
Environmental trigger
Motivational interviewing of patients with addictive disorders addresses what?
Ambivalence about becoming drug free
Maximum duration of PCP in the urine
8 days
40 yo dentists is referred for evaluation by staff members who are concerned about his erratic behavior, staying excessively late at the office and problems with dexterity in treating pts. He complains of numbness and weakness of limbs, loss of dexterity, and loss of balance. Which drugs is the dentist most likely abusing?
Nitrous oxide
Neurotoxicity associated with MDMA is ass. with deficits in neurons that produce which of the following NT?
Serotonin
18 yo pt in ER with clouded sensorium, agitation, and hyperactivity, mild paranoia, pressured speech, and euphoric, thought labile mood. On exam: HTN, tachycardia, and vertical nystagmus. The most likely used?
PCP
Use of which substance in adolescence is associated with development of schizophrenia?
Cannabis
Teen with sleepiness, nausea, red eyes, sores around mouth, which substance?
Aerosol inhalants
17 yo pt is brought to the ER by friends who report that he ingested a drug 2 hours earlier. Pt’s behavior after the drug is relaxed and tranquil but talkative. Soon after the patient complains of drowsiness, dizziness, and nausea. On exam: labile. Toxin negative for benzo, barbiturates, and opioids. Psych alerts ED of possibility of respiratory difficulty. What drug?
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate
Substance found n several OTC symptom cold remedies and is abused to produce a dissociative feeling
Dextrometorphan
Psychotherapy for addiction utilizes a disease-model approach and emphasizes acceptance of the disease and surrender to help beyond oneself
12-step facilitation
Drug of abuse associated with sis of bruxism, anorexia, diaphoresis, decreased ability to orgasm, and hot flashes
MDMA/ ecstasy
A muscular male patient pmts to an outpatient psych clinic complaining of discomfort in public places and excessive irritability. Though warm outside, the patient is dressed in heavy, baggy clothes, making him appear bigger than he is. The patient’s belief that he is shrinking greatly distresses him. Which of the following is the most likely dx for the patient?
Anabolic androgenic steroid abuse
17 yo ot is brought to ED after reporting recent cocaine use to teacher. In ED pt is agitated, hyperaroused, unable to concentrate on interview. Pt denies hallucinations, however appears very distractible, freightened. Tachycardic. Most appropriate intervention?
Lorazepam 2MG
The class of meds with greatest prevalence for prescription drug abuse
Pain relievers
Which dx criteria helps to establish dx of substance dependence vs abuse?
Recurrent unsuccessful efforts to control use
