Memory/Amnesia

Question 1

Role of hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus?

Answer 1

Declarative memory (facts)

Question 2

On the way to the airport, 58 yo F begins to behave in a strange way. Husband notices when he talks to her she answers appropriately with fluent speech but seems to have no ability to retain new information. Episode lasts 6 hrs. Following day she didn’t remember what had happened. Dx?

Answer 2

Transient global amnesia

Question 3

Characteristic of OH- induced blackouts?

Answer 3

Anterograde amnesia for a time while heavily intoxicated but awake

Question 4

What characterizes the memory loss in pts with dissociative amnesia?

Answer 4

Episodic

Question 5

Example of declarative memory

Answer 5

Retention and recall of facts

Question 6

Pt with hx of HSV and seizure d/o undergoing EEG monitoring that recorded no epileptic activity during, after, and before a confused state wherein pt suddenly awoke fraightened. The next day pt with baseline demeanor has no memory about that episode.

Answer 6

Amnestic disorder

Question 7

61 yo pt presents to ED with family who report that the pt is unable to remember recent events. Memory problems started 2 hrs ago; cognitively intact before. Pt is alert, anxious, frustrated. Why am I in the hospital? Dx?

Answer 7

Transient global amnesia

Question 8

Presentation of transient global amnesia?

Answer 8

Acute memory problems

Question 9

What is the brains structure associated with high global cognitive performance in aging?

Answer 9

Hippocampal formation

Question 10

Region of the frontal lobe most closely associated with working memory?

Answer 10

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Question 11

Patient in 30s develops cognitive difficulties and can only name 9 words starting with letter P but can name 12 animals in 1 minute. Findings suggest?

Answer 11

Frontal lobe injury

Question 12

How can you distinguish memory impairments in Alz vs dementia?

Answer 12

Can remember with cues in depression

Question 13

What is significant risk factor for developing Alz in a patient with mild cognitive impairment?

Answer 13

Hypertension

Question 14

A 72 yo develops suffer onset memory loss. She didn’t know how she and her spouse arrived at the supermarket. The spouse noted that she could drive without issues but appeared nervous. The patient was able to answer questions but forgot the conversation and returned to baseline. Dx?

Answer 14

Transient global amnesia

Question 15

A surgeon unable to describe anatomical parts involved in one of his common surgeries is experiencing what type of memory impairment?

Answer 15

Semantic

Question 16

Injury of bilateral parahippocampal cortex and formation results in what

Answer 16

Amnesia

Question 17

55 yo brought to ED disheveled and behaving strange, stares blankly and is mute. Doesn’t know who they are and all studies are negative. Has a vague memory of “walking away from something horrible’. Dx?

Answer 17

Dissociative amnesia

Question 18

A 40 yo pt is hospitalized for evaluation of fever, weight loss, and ataxia. Depressed and with progressive memory loss over several months. Which of the following lab tests may help explain the pt’s presentation

Answer 18

HIV

Question 19

2 months after severe brain injury, pt opens the eyes for prolonged periods but remains inattentive, does not speak, and shows no signs of awareness of the environment or inner need. Pt is capable of some rudimentary behaviors such as following a simple command, gesturing, or producing single words or brief phrases, always in an inconsistent way from one exam to another. Which of the following is the most accurate description of the pt’s condition?

Answer 19

Minimally conscious state

Question 20

Memory loss pattern in dissociative amnesia?

Answer 20

Occurs for a discrete period of time

Question 21

Amnesia characterized by loss of memory of events, occurs after onset of etiologic condition or agent

Answer 21

Anterograde

Question 22

What psychoactive drug produces amnesia?

Answer 22

Alcohol

Question 23

55 yo pt BIB family after episode of amnesia/bewilderment lasting several hrs. CVA rule out. Pt keeps asking what is happening. What med to administer at this point?

Answer 23

Observation only

Question 24

Which of the following diagnoses involves a sense of loss of identity, often following a traumatic experience and associated with inability to recall one’s past?

Answer 24

Dissociative fugue

Question 25

65 yo pt lives alone, increasingly forgetful over the past year, lifelong difficulty recalling names of acquaintances, now has difficulty with phone calls and remembering appts. Lives independently, drives, prepares meals, MSE with delayed recall of 4 words, otherwise normal. Pt upset by difficulty and is not depressed. Sx most consistent with?

Answer 25

Amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Question 26

45 yo with nystagmus and ataxia, short term memory loss and believes his wife is possessed by demons. Most appropriate treatment?

Answer 26

Thiamine

Question 27

A conscious memory that covers for another memory that is too painful to hold in the consciousness is

Answer 27

Screen memory

Question 28

In pts with pronounced defects in recent memory, remote memory is

Answer 28

Often deficient on close examination even when it seems well preserved

Question 29

“My father was very involved in my life. I remember going to football games in the snow with him” is an example of memory associated with what part of the brain?

Answer 29

Medial temporal lobe

Question 30

Working memory requires prefrontal cortex, dorsal thalamus and what other area of the brain to function?

Answer 30

Hippocampus

Question 31

Asking a pt what the pt ate for breakfast yesterday tests

Answer 31

Recent memory

Question 32

Question to evaluate immediate recall?

Answer 32

Can you repeat these 6 numbers?

Question 33

Asking pt to remember 3 things and repeat them in a few minutes is testing?

Answer 33

Short term memory

Question 34

34 yo pt with hx of memory impairment dies of unknown cause for autopsy. Pathological exam: diffuse and multifocal rarefaction of cerebral white matter accompanied by scanty perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes and clusters of a few foamy macrophages, microglial nodules, and multinucleate giant cells. Dx?

Answer 34

HIX- associated dementia.

Question 35

Pt brought to ED by family b/c concert for pts ability to recognize them since TBI one month ago. Pt had LOC after trauma. Tenderness and swelling over L temporal area. Neuro exam normal. Pt knows his own name, but is unable to ID family members or events related to family. Dx?

Answer 35

Dissociative amnesia

Question 36

Which test correlates most strongly with pre-morbid functioning in pt with early dementia

Answer 36

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV Vocabulary Test (WAIS IV)

Question 37

Neuropsychological test most useful in the early dx of Alz

Answer 37

10-Item word list learning task

Question 38

Disorder with degeneration of mammillary bodies and dorsal nucleus of thalamus

Answer 38

Wenicke-Korsakoff syndrome