Miscellaneous Information Flashcards
Transcortical aphasia can be sensory or motor. What is usually preserved in these patients? What is unique about transcortical sensory aphasia?
Verbatim repetition is preserved
Echolalia
Lesion of ventromedial frontal lobe leads to _
Intelligence retained
Bad decisions are often made
Lesions of the dorsolateral frontal lobe can be left or right. What are the findings?
Left - loss of intelligence, remain aware
Right - Loss of motivation / drive
An UMN lesion of CN7 leads to _. What about an LMN (facial nerve)?
Contralateral lower face paresis
Total face paresis
A defective RAPD is indicative of damage where? What is the finding?
The optic nerve.
Notice dialation in response to light
The job of saccadic eye movement is _. What controls this?
Bring new objects into focus
FEF
The job of vergence movement is _. What controls this?
Converge or diverge the eye
Occipito-mesencephalic gaze center
The job of smooth pursuit systems is _. What controls this?
Follow an object already in sight
Parietal occipital gaze center
Optic tract or Optic radiations result in _
Loss of contralateral side of vision
What level to the pain and temp fibers cross?
Enter the SPC, descend then cross at the cervical-medullary junction
A lateral medullary lesion would affect which major tract? WHat about a medial medullary lesion?
Spinothalamic
DCML
What part of the brain stem would a single lesion cause loss of STT, DCML and trigem. sensory fibers?
Upper pons
A stocking / glove distribution of burning / pain is consistent with _
A peripheral neuropathy
Neglect of the left side of the body is consistent to damage to _
Right parietal lobe
The inability to recognize the shape of an object in one’s hand is _. This is seen with damage to _
Asterognosia
Contralateral Parietal lobe
Another name for syringomyelia is _. What are 2 findings?
Central Cord Syndrome
Loss of pain and temp in upper limbs, weakness / paresis in upper limbs
Locked in syndrome results from damage where? What is damaged and what are the findings?
Large basal pontine syndrome.
Loss of corticospinal and corticobulbar fibers, inability to move
Basal pontine syndrome results in _ (CN signs/body)
Ipsilateral CN signs in face
Contralateral UMN signs for body
Pontine tegmentum syndrome results in _ (CN signs/body)
Ipsilateral CN sign in face
COntralateral sensory loss for body
The cerebellum is supplied by 3 main arteries. What are they, what lobes do they supply?
SCA - Anterior lobe
PICA - Posterior lobe
AICA - Ventral anterior and posterior lobes, floconodular lobe
In Parkinsons, you lose dopamine. How does this affect the direct and indirect pathways?
Loss of excitation of direct
Loss of inhibition of indirect
Net difficulty moving
What happens to the direct / indirect pathway in chorea?
Loss of excitation to the indirect pathway, movement is disinhibited
Differentiate between Weber’s and Benedikt’s syndromes
Weber - Occulomotor sign, Paralysis
Benedikts - Tremor, loss of sensation, occulomotor signs
