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Pharm > Miscellaneous Drugs > Flashcards

Miscellaneous Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

macrolides - mechanism

A

50s ribosome

bacteriostatic

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2
Q

macrolides - side effects

A

GI intolerance

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3
Q

macrolides - not effective against:

A

enterococcus sp

staphylococcus sp

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4
Q

macrolides - excretion

A

renal

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5
Q

which macrolide interferes with P450

A

clarithromycin

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6
Q

which macrolide requires dose adjustment with low CrCl

A

clarithromycin

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7
Q

clindamycin - mechanism

A

50S ribosome

bacteriostatic

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8
Q

clidamycin - side effects

A

AAMPC

diarrhea

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9
Q

clindamycin - not effective against

A

enterococcus

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10
Q

synercid (quinupristin/dalfopristin) - mechanism

A

binds 50S ribosome

BC and BS

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11
Q

synercid - side effects

A

arthralgias

inhibits cyp3A4

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12
Q

synercid reserved for:

A

MRSA, VRE

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13
Q

synercid - not effective against

A

enterococcus faecalis

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14
Q

what drugs in the miscellaneous category act on the ribosome?

A

macrolids (clarithromycin, azithromycin)
clindamycin
synercid (quinupristin/dalfopristin)
linezolid

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15
Q

what drugs in the miscellaneous category act on the cytoplasmic membrane

A

polymyxin

daptomycin

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16
Q

what drugs in the miscellaneous category act on the cell wall

A

bacitracin

vancomycin

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17
Q

linezolid - mechanism

A

prevent formation of 70S ribosome - unique binding

BS/BC

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18
Q

linezolid - side effects

A

headaches
rashes
serotonin syndrome

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19
Q

linezolid - use:

A

reserved as drug of last resort
meningitis (70% CSF)
VRE, MRSA, MRSE

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20
Q

polymyxin B - mechanism

A

cation detergent

BC/BS

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21
Q

polymyxin B - side effects

A

nephrotoxicity if IV

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22
Q

polymyxin B - excretion

A

renal

dosage adjustment with impairment

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23
Q

bacitracin - mechanism

A

inhibits cell wall synthesis

BC

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24
Q

bacitracin - side effects

A

nephrotoxicity if IV

25
Q

vancomycin - mechanism

A

inhibits cell wall syntheiss

BC

26
Q

vancomycin - side effects

A

nephrotoxicity; increased with aminoglycosides

27
Q

vancomycin - administration

A

IV, oral (poor absorption from GI)

never IM

28
Q

vancomycin - used for:

A

usually reserved for MRSA, MRSE

29
Q

vancomycin - not used for

A

gram negative, anaerobes, VRE

30
Q

daptomycin - mechanism

A

depolarizes membrane - disrupts membrane potential, oxphos

BC

31
Q

daptomycin - used in:

A

MRSA

VRE

32
Q

daptomycin - side effects

A

constipation nausea headache

inactivated by calcium in surfactant (in lung)

33
Q

daptomycin - excretion

A

renal

dosage adjustment required in impairment

34
Q

daptomycin - not useful for

A

anaerobes, gram -

pneumonia

35
Q

what drugs need dosage to be adjusted with renal impairment?

A

clarithryomycin
polymyxin
vancomycin
daptomycin

36
Q

what drugs cause neuromuscular blockade (NPMR)

A

polymyxin
bacitracin
clindamycin

37
Q

which drugs are poorly absorbed orally

A

vancomycin
synercid
polymyxinB
daptomycin

38
Q

which miscellaneous drug is only given IV

A

synercid

39
Q

which miscellaneous drugs are BS only?

A

macrolids (clarithrymycin, azithromycin)

clindamycin

40
Q

which drugs distribute well to CNS

A

linezolid
bacitracin
vancomycin (with inflammed meninges)

41
Q

nephrotoxicity a risk when given parenterally:

A

bacitracin

polymyxin

42
Q

which drugs work against gram + aerobes

A 
macrolides
clindamycin
synercid
bacitracin
vancomycin
daptomycin
43
Q

which drug works against gram - aerobes?

A

polymyxin

44
Q

which drug works against anaerobes, + and -?

A

clindamycin

45
Q

which drug is good for CAPs?

A

macrolides

- work against s pneumoniae, some gram - including h. influenzae, and bordetella sp

46
Q

which drug is associated with increased incidence of c. diff colitis?

A

clindamycin

47
Q

which drug is associated with serotonin syndrome when taken with SSRIs

A

linezoid

48
Q

which drugs don’t work against enterococcus?

A

macrolides
clindamycin
E. facaelis resistant to synercid

49
Q

which drugs dont work against s aureus?

A

macrolides

polymyxinB

50
Q

which drugs are used against MRSA, VRE

A

linezolid
synercid
daptomycin

51
Q

what drug is reserved to treat MRSA/MRSE

A

vancomycin

clindamycin also effective against MRSA/MSSA

52
Q

poor oral absorption

A

VPSDB

very poor stomach duodenum bowel

53
Q

renal impairment requries dose adjustment

A

DPVC

dialysis provokes value clarification

54
Q

CNS penetration (goes to your head)

A

LBV

little bit vain

55
Q

MRSA

A

CdV

CoulD be Vorse

56
Q

MRSA and VRE=

A

last drug soluton

57
Q

Nephrotoxicity

A

BP

British Petroleum

58
Q

NPMR (neuromuscular blockage)

A

PBCd

Public Broad CDasting

Pharm (11 decks)

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