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Miscellaneous Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

macrolides - mechanism

A

50s ribosome

bacteriostatic

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2
Q

macrolides - side effects

A

GI intolerance

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3
Q

macrolides - not effective against:

A

enterococcus sp

staphylococcus sp

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4
Q

macrolides - excretion

A

renal

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5
Q

which macrolide interferes with P450

A

clarithromycin

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6
Q

which macrolide requires dose adjustment with low CrCl

A

clarithromycin

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7
Q

clindamycin - mechanism

A

50S ribosome

bacteriostatic

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8
Q

clidamycin - side effects

A

AAMPC

diarrhea

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9
Q

clindamycin - not effective against

A

enterococcus

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10
Q

synercid (quinupristin/dalfopristin) - mechanism

A

binds 50S ribosome

BC and BS

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11
Q

synercid - side effects

A

arthralgias

inhibits cyp3A4

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12
Q

synercid reserved for:

A

MRSA, VRE

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13
Q

synercid - not effective against

A

enterococcus faecalis

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14
Q

what drugs in the miscellaneous category act on the ribosome?

A

macrolids (clarithromycin, azithromycin)
clindamycin
synercid (quinupristin/dalfopristin)
linezolid

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15
Q

what drugs in the miscellaneous category act on the cytoplasmic membrane

A

polymyxin

daptomycin

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16
Q

what drugs in the miscellaneous category act on the cell wall

A

bacitracin

vancomycin

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17
Q

linezolid - mechanism

A

prevent formation of 70S ribosome - unique binding

BS/BC

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18
Q

linezolid - side effects

A

headaches
rashes
serotonin syndrome

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19
Q

linezolid - use:

A

reserved as drug of last resort
meningitis (70% CSF)
VRE, MRSA, MRSE

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20
Q

polymyxin B - mechanism

A

cation detergent

BC/BS

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21
Q

polymyxin B - side effects

A

nephrotoxicity if IV

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22
Q

polymyxin B - excretion

A

renal

dosage adjustment with impairment

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23
Q

bacitracin - mechanism

A

inhibits cell wall synthesis

BC

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24
Q

bacitracin - side effects

A

nephrotoxicity if IV

25
vancomycin - mechanism
inhibits cell wall syntheiss | BC
26
vancomycin - side effects
nephrotoxicity; increased with aminoglycosides
27
vancomycin - administration
IV, oral (poor absorption from GI) | never IM
28
vancomycin - used for:
usually reserved for MRSA, MRSE
29
vancomycin - not used for
gram negative, anaerobes, VRE
30
daptomycin - mechanism
depolarizes membrane - disrupts membrane potential, oxphos | BC
31
daptomycin - used in:
MRSA | VRE
32
daptomycin - side effects
constipation nausea headache | inactivated by calcium in surfactant (in lung)
33
daptomycin - excretion
renal | dosage adjustment required in impairment
34
daptomycin - not useful for
anaerobes, gram - | pneumonia
35
what drugs need dosage to be adjusted with renal impairment?
clarithryomycin polymyxin vancomycin daptomycin
36
what drugs cause neuromuscular blockade (NPMR)
polymyxin bacitracin clindamycin
37
which drugs are poorly absorbed orally
vancomycin synercid polymyxinB daptomycin
38
which miscellaneous drug is only given IV
synercid
39
which miscellaneous drugs are BS only?
macrolids (clarithrymycin, azithromycin) | clindamycin
40
which drugs distribute well to CNS
linezolid bacitracin vancomycin (with inflammed meninges)
41
nephrotoxicity a risk when given parenterally:
bacitracin | polymyxin
42
which drugs work against gram + aerobes
``` macrolides clindamycin synercid bacitracin vancomycin daptomycin ```
43
which drug works against gram - aerobes?
polymyxin
44
which drug works against anaerobes, + and -?
clindamycin
45
which drug is good for CAPs?
macrolides | - work against s pneumoniae, some gram - including h. influenzae, and bordetella sp
46
which drug is associated with increased incidence of c. diff colitis?
clindamycin
47
which drug is associated with serotonin syndrome when taken with SSRIs
linezoid
48
which drugs don't work against enterococcus?
macrolides clindamycin E. facaelis resistant to synercid
49
which drugs dont work against s aureus?
macrolides | polymyxinB
50
which drugs are used against MRSA, VRE
linezolid synercid daptomycin
51
what drug is reserved to treat MRSA/MRSE
vancomycin clindamycin also effective against MRSA/MSSA
52
poor oral absorption
VPSDB very poor stomach duodenum bowel
53
renal impairment requries dose adjustment
DPVC dialysis provokes value clarification
54
CNS penetration (goes to your head)
LBV little bit vain
55
MRSA
CdV CoulD be Vorse
56
MRSA and VRE=
last drug soluton
57
Nephrotoxicity
BP British Petroleum
58
NPMR (neuromuscular blockage)
PBCd Public Broad CDasting

Pharm (11 decks)

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