aminoglycosides

Question 1

aminoglycosides - mechainsm

Answer 1

bactericidal
binds to 30 S ribosome and prevents protein synthesis
mRNA misreading, polysome break up
usually given with penicillins

should be bacteriostatic but something in the mechanism makes it bactericidal

Question 2

streptomycin - use

Answer 2

treat tuberculosis
streptococci/enterocicci
plague, brucellosis, tularemia

Question 3

streptomycin - toxicity

Answer 3

hypersensitivy
vestibular reactions
least nephrotoxic

Question 4

gentamicin - use

Answer 4

work horse
first choice for gram - 
enterobacter
proteus
pseudo aeruingnosa
strep facaelis 
listeria (meningitis)

Question 5

tobramycin - use

Answer 5

gram - 
enterobacter
proteus
pseudo aeruingnosa***
strep facaelis 
listeria (meningitis)

attacked by 7 resistance enzymes

Question 6

kanamycin - use

Answer 6

oral only
limited use due to resistance
suppress intestinal flora before surgery

treats gram - by klebsiella, enterobacter, proteus, e coli

Question 7

amikacin - use

Answer 7

semisynthetic dreiv of kanamycin that has engineered resistence to most of the resistance enzymes
more expensive

serratia, proteus, pseudo aeruginosa, klebsiella, enterobacter, e coli

resistnat - actinetbacter, providencia, flavo (rare )

Question 8

neomycin - use

Answer 8

broad spectrum against gram +/-
too toxic for systemic use
topical use for burns, wounds, ulcers

Question 9

netilmicin - use

Answer 9

broad spectrum - gram - bacilli, aerobic

resistant to enzyme inactivation

Question 10

aminoglycosides - toxicity

Answer 10

nephrotixicity
ototoxicity
neuromuscular blockade