Miscellaneous/Associations Flashcards
1
Q
Sickle Cell Trait
A
Inability to concentrate Urine- Isosthenuria
episodic hematuria, papillary necrosis
Malaria resistance
2
Q
Fixing Hypokalemia…
A
If you’re having trouble correcting it- check the Magnesium! (Esp in alcoholics)
3
Q
Hexagonal, radioopaque renal stones
A
Cystine stones
4
Q
Struvite Stones
A
Proteus/Klebsiella, alkaline urine
5
Q
Case Control Study
A
Exposure Odds ratio
6
Q
Melanosis Coli
A
Laxative Abuse
7
Q
Mortality in acute hepatitis
A
Prolonged PT is the worst prognostic indicator
8
Q
Superficial Thrombophlebitis
A
This is not a risk factor for PE. Though if it recurs- it can be a sign of underlying cancer, alone it is benign.
9
Q
Drug-induced hepatitis
A
Acetaminophen INH (and other TB drugs) Halothane (though not used) Statins Valproate Allopurinol
10
Q
PSC
A
Ulcerative colitis
11
Q
Blue-black flank (Gray-turner sign)
Blue-black umbilicus (Cullen sign)
A
Acute pancreatitis (hemorrhagic exudate)
12
Q
Pronator Drift
A
UMN lesion
13
Q
Rotary/horizontal nystagmus Nystagmus
A
PCP toxicity
14
Q
Baker’s Cysts
A
Rheumatoid arthritis
15
Q
Anti-Smith, Anti-RNP
A
SLE
16
Q
Anti-mitochondrial antibody
A
PBC
17
Q
Anti-Scl70, Anti-topoisomerase
A
Scleroderma
18
Q
Anti-smooth muscle antibody
A
Autoimmune hepatitis
19
Q
Anti-CCP
A
Rheumatoid Arthritis
20
Q
Atrophy of Caudate Head
A
Huntingdon’s disease
21
Q
Atrophy of lenticular nucleus*
A
Wilson’s Disease
22
Q
Atrophy of frontotemporal lobes
A
Pick’s Disease
23
Q
Decreased hippocampal volume
A
PTSD
24
Q
Decreased amygdala volume
A
Panic Disorder
25
Orbitofrontal structural abnormality
OCD (orrrrganizing)
26
A.Seminomas
B. Choriocarcinoma
C.Yolk Sac Tumors
D.Leydig Cell Tumors
A. normal markers or elevated B-Hcg
B. elevated B-HCG
C. elevated AFP
D. elevated testosterone
27
Breathholding spells
Iron Deficiency Anemia
28
Eggshell calcifications : lungs
Silicosis
29
Thermophilic actinomyces
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
30
Parvus et tardus
Aortic Stenosis
31
muscle spasms in response to air and water
Rabies encephalitis
32
Cannon a-waves
Third degree heart block
33
Increased total brain volume
Autism
34
Neiman Pick vs Tay Sachs
Both have cherry red maculas, lethargy and FTT but NP has areflexia, and TS has hyperreflexia; TS - Tiny stomach- no hepatomegaly
35
Bony tenderness to GENTLE percussion
Osteomyelitis
36
Worst risk factor for CAD
DM
37
Dipyridamole (chem stress test) in asthmatics
Bronchospasm! Don't do it!
38
Internal mammary artery grafts
Better than saphenous vein grafts
39
Kussmaul Sign (Increased JV pressure on inhalation)
Constrictive pericarditis
40
Friction rub (triphasic scratchy sound)
Pericarditis
41
Renal insufficiency and cardiac enzymes
Since the kidneys excrete troponins, these can be falsely elevated in chronic kidney disease pts
42
Prasugrel (clopidogrel alternative s/p ACS event)
Hemorrhagic stroke risk when used in elderly pts (>70)
43
ST-segment elevation in RV4
Most specific finding for RV infarct
44
Supracondylar fractures, kids-fall on outstretched hand
Brachial artery injury
45
Schistosomiasis Haematobium
Bladder cancer
46
Breast cancer prognosis- Most important...
TNM staging
47
Positive Straight leg raise
disk herniation
48
Microvesicular fatty infiltration of hepatocytes
Reye's Syndrome (micro-kids)
49
Macrovesicular fatty infiltration of hepatocytes (steatosis)
NAFLD or alcoholic steatosis (big fat adults)
50
Anti-DNAse antibody
Post-strep GN
51
Strabismus- normal?
after 3mos this is not "normal" --> ophtho
52
Eggshell calcifications on liver
Hydatid Cyst- ecchinococcus
53
Livedo reticularis status post cardiac cath
Cholesterol Embolus
54
SSRI's to effect time
4-6 weeks, don't up the dose until 4-6 weeks
55
Bug MC associated with GBS
C. Jejuni
56
Bug MC associated with HUS
E.coli
57
Proteinuria in kids
Need at least 3+ positive dipsticks for protein before workup --> 24 hour urine, renal US, bx
58
Bone: lytic lesion, onion skinning, moth-eaten, periosteal rxn in a young white male
```
Ewing Sarcoma (extremely aggressive)
Tx with rad, chemo, and sx
```
59
Corkscrew esophagus on barium enema
Diffuse Esophageal Spasm (CCB)
60
Type IV RTA
| Non-gap acidosis with hyperkalemia and mild kidney dysfunction
Uncontrolled DM
61
Infant with chorioretinitis, hyrocephalus, intracranial calcifications, hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia
Congenital Toxoplasma infxn
| CHIC
62
Congenital deafness, cataracts, cardiac abnormalities (PDA), posterior auricular lymphadenopathy
Congenital Rubella syndrome
63
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
EBV
64
Erythema multiforme
Herpes Virus
65
Erythema Nodosum
```
Sarcoidosis
Rheumatic fever
Histoplasmosis
Coccidiodomycosis
Inflamm bowel disease
TB
```
66
Pruritic, raised, serpiginous erythematous rash s/p soil/sand contact
Cutaneous Larva Migrans
67
Loss of fetal station, tender uterus
Uterine Rupture
68
Fever, muffled voice, uvula deviation
Peritonsillar abscess
69
Bug of chronic sinusitis >12 weeks
S. aureus
70
Bugs that love Hemachromatosis (iron)
Yersinia
Vibrio vulnificus
Listeria
71
Earliest kidney finding in DM
Glomerular Hyperfiltration
Thickening of the basement membrane
Expanding mesangium
Nodular glomerulosclerosis is later
72
Premie Vaccines
All given by chronologic age (not GA)
| Hold Hep B vaccine until 4.6lbs (>2 kg)
73
Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy
Clubbing, painful joint enlargement, periostosis
| underlying intrathoracic malignancy
74
MC bug of community acquired IE
Strep (Ceftriaxone- 4weeks)
75
MC bug of hosp acquired IE
Staph (MSSA- oxacillin, MRSA- vanc)
76
UTI --> IE
Enterococcus (Amp/gent)
77
Needlestick injury with unknown HIV status of "donor"
No prophy
78
Neonatal PO erythromycin increases the risk of...
pyloric stenosis
79
CVID increases risk of...
Lymphoma
80
Bugs associated with CGD
Staph
Burkholderia
Nocardia
Aspergillus
81
Gram Negative Coccobacilli
H. influenza
82
Gram Negative coccobacilli
H. influenza
83
Gram Negative Diplococci
Neisseria OR Moraxella (if lungs)
84
Brown-flecked sputum
ABPA
85
Inhaled aminogylcosides used exclusively in...
CF
86
Interferon Gamma release assay
To rule out TB exposure
87
Duputreyns contracture
Alcoholism, cirrhosis
88
Organ transplant--increased risk of what cancer
SCC
89
Pemphigus Vulgaris
ACEinhibitors, penicillin, penicillamine, phenobarbital
90
Bugs of acute IE
Staph and strep pneumo
91
Subacute IE bugs
HACEK organisms
92
Omphalocele
Edward's syndrome, Patau syndrome, Beckwith Weidman
93
Umbilical hernia + macroglossia
Congenital hypothyroidism
94
Sick baby vomiting w bird's beak sign on UGI series
Midgut volvulus
95
Doughnut sign + fussy baby + palpable cylinder
Intussusception
96
Steeple sign
Croup
97
Caudal regression syndrome
Maternal Diabetes
98
Kleinfelter's .. Increased risk of
Gonadal malignancy
99
White forelock, deafness, advanced paternal age
Waardenburg Syndrome
100
Neonate: reticulogranular pattern + air bronchograms
RDS from surfactant deficiency
