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STEP2CK > Miscellaneous/Associations > Flashcards

Miscellaneous/Associations Flashcards

1
Q

Sickle Cell Trait

A

Inability to concentrate Urine- Isosthenuria
episodic hematuria, papillary necrosis
Malaria resistance

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2
Q

Fixing Hypokalemia…

A

If you’re having trouble correcting it- check the Magnesium! (Esp in alcoholics)

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3
Q

Hexagonal, radioopaque renal stones

A

Cystine stones

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4
Q

Struvite Stones

A

Proteus/Klebsiella, alkaline urine

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5
Q

Case Control Study

A

Exposure Odds ratio

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6
Q

Melanosis Coli

A

Laxative Abuse

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7
Q

Mortality in acute hepatitis

A

Prolonged PT is the worst prognostic indicator

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8
Q

Superficial Thrombophlebitis

A

This is not a risk factor for PE. Though if it recurs- it can be a sign of underlying cancer, alone it is benign.

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9
Q

Drug-induced hepatitis

A 
Acetaminophen
INH (and other TB drugs)
Halothane (though not used)
Statins
Valproate
Allopurinol
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10
Q

PSC

A

Ulcerative colitis

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11
Q

Blue-black flank (Gray-turner sign)

Blue-black umbilicus (Cullen sign)

A

Acute pancreatitis (hemorrhagic exudate)

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12
Q

Pronator Drift

A

UMN lesion

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13
Q

Rotary/horizontal nystagmus Nystagmus

A

PCP toxicity

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14
Q

Baker’s Cysts

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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15
Q

Anti-Smith, Anti-RNP

A

SLE

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16
Q

Anti-mitochondrial antibody

A

PBC

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17
Q

Anti-Scl70, Anti-topoisomerase

A

Scleroderma

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18
Q

Anti-smooth muscle antibody

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

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19
Q

Anti-CCP

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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20
Q

Atrophy of Caudate Head

A

Huntingdon’s disease

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21
Q

Atrophy of lenticular nucleus*

A

Wilson’s Disease

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22
Q

Atrophy of frontotemporal lobes

A

Pick’s Disease

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23
Q

Decreased hippocampal volume

A

PTSD

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24
Q

Decreased amygdala volume

A

Panic Disorder

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25
Q

Orbitofrontal structural abnormality

A

OCD (orrrrganizing)

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26
Q

A.Seminomas
B. Choriocarcinoma
C.Yolk Sac Tumors
D.Leydig Cell Tumors

A

A. normal markers or elevated B-Hcg
B. elevated B-HCG
C. elevated AFP
D. elevated testosterone

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27
Q

Breathholding spells

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

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28
Q

Eggshell calcifications : lungs

A

Silicosis

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29
Q

Thermophilic actinomyces

A

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

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30
Q

Parvus et tardus

A

Aortic Stenosis

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31
Q

muscle spasms in response to air and water

A

Rabies encephalitis

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32
Q

Cannon a-waves

A

Third degree heart block

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33
Q

Increased total brain volume

A

Autism

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34
Q

Neiman Pick vs Tay Sachs

A

Both have cherry red maculas, lethargy and FTT but NP has areflexia, and TS has hyperreflexia; TS - Tiny stomach- no hepatomegaly

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35
Q

Bony tenderness to GENTLE percussion

A

Osteomyelitis

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36
Q

Worst risk factor for CAD

A

DM

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37
Q

Dipyridamole (chem stress test) in asthmatics

A

Bronchospasm! Don’t do it!

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38
Q

Internal mammary artery grafts

A

Better than saphenous vein grafts

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39
Q

Kussmaul Sign (Increased JV pressure on inhalation)

A

Constrictive pericarditis

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40
Q

Friction rub (triphasic scratchy sound)

A

Pericarditis

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41
Q

Renal insufficiency and cardiac enzymes

A

Since the kidneys excrete troponins, these can be falsely elevated in chronic kidney disease pts

42
Q

Prasugrel (clopidogrel alternative s/p ACS event)

A

Hemorrhagic stroke risk when used in elderly pts (>70)

43
Q

ST-segment elevation in RV4

A

Most specific finding for RV infarct

44
Q

Supracondylar fractures, kids-fall on outstretched hand

A

Brachial artery injury

45
Q

Schistosomiasis Haematobium

A

Bladder cancer

46
Q

Breast cancer prognosis- Most important…

A

TNM staging

47
Q

Positive Straight leg raise

A

disk herniation

48
Q

Microvesicular fatty infiltration of hepatocytes

A

Reye’s Syndrome (micro-kids)

49
Q

Macrovesicular fatty infiltration of hepatocytes (steatosis)

A

NAFLD or alcoholic steatosis (big fat adults)

50
Q

Anti-DNAse antibody

A

Post-strep GN

51
Q

Strabismus- normal?

A

after 3mos this is not “normal” –> ophtho

52
Q

Eggshell calcifications on liver

A

Hydatid Cyst- ecchinococcus

53
Q

Livedo reticularis status post cardiac cath

A

Cholesterol Embolus

54
Q

SSRI’s to effect time

A

4-6 weeks, don’t up the dose until 4-6 weeks

55
Q

Bug MC associated with GBS

A

C. Jejuni

56
Q

Bug MC associated with HUS

A

E.coli

57
Q

Proteinuria in kids

A

Need at least 3+ positive dipsticks for protein before workup –> 24 hour urine, renal US, bx

58
Q

Bone: lytic lesion, onion skinning, moth-eaten, periosteal rxn in a young white male

A 
Ewing Sarcoma (extremely aggressive)
Tx with rad, chemo, and sx
59
Q

Corkscrew esophagus on barium enema

A

Diffuse Esophageal Spasm (CCB)

60
Q

Type IV RTA

Non-gap acidosis with hyperkalemia and mild kidney dysfunction

A

Uncontrolled DM

61
Q

Infant with chorioretinitis, hyrocephalus, intracranial calcifications, hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia

A

Congenital Toxoplasma infxn

CHIC

62
Q

Congenital deafness, cataracts, cardiac abnormalities (PDA), posterior auricular lymphadenopathy

A

Congenital Rubella syndrome

63
Q

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

EBV

64
Q

Erythema multiforme

A

Herpes Virus

65
Q

Erythema Nodosum

A 
Sarcoidosis
Rheumatic fever
Histoplasmosis
Coccidiodomycosis
Inflamm bowel disease
TB
66
Q

Pruritic, raised, serpiginous erythematous rash s/p soil/sand contact

A

Cutaneous Larva Migrans

67
Q

Loss of fetal station, tender uterus

A

Uterine Rupture

68
Q

Fever, muffled voice, uvula deviation

A

Peritonsillar abscess

69
Q

Bug of chronic sinusitis >12 weeks

A

S. aureus

70
Q

Bugs that love Hemachromatosis (iron)

A

Yersinia
Vibrio vulnificus
Listeria

71
Q

Earliest kidney finding in DM

A

Glomerular Hyperfiltration
Thickening of the basement membrane
Expanding mesangium
Nodular glomerulosclerosis is later

72
Q

Premie Vaccines

A

All given by chronologic age (not GA)

Hold Hep B vaccine until 4.6lbs (>2 kg)

73
Q

Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy

A

Clubbing, painful joint enlargement, periostosis

underlying intrathoracic malignancy

74
Q

MC bug of community acquired IE

A

Strep (Ceftriaxone- 4weeks)

75
Q

MC bug of hosp acquired IE

A

Staph (MSSA- oxacillin, MRSA- vanc)

76
Q

UTI –> IE

A

Enterococcus (Amp/gent)

77
Q

Needlestick injury with unknown HIV status of “donor”

A

No prophy

78
Q

Neonatal PO erythromycin increases the risk of…

A

pyloric stenosis

79
Q

CVID increases risk of…

A

Lymphoma

80
Q

Bugs associated with CGD

A

Staph
Burkholderia
Nocardia
Aspergillus

81
Q

Gram Negative Coccobacilli

A

H. influenza

82
Q

Gram Negative coccobacilli

A

H. influenza

83
Q

Gram Negative Diplococci

A

Neisseria OR Moraxella (if lungs)

84
Q

Brown-flecked sputum

A

ABPA

85
Q

Inhaled aminogylcosides used exclusively in…

A

CF

86
Q

Interferon Gamma release assay

A

To rule out TB exposure

87
Q

Duputreyns contracture

A

Alcoholism, cirrhosis

88
Q

Organ transplant–increased risk of what cancer

A

SCC

89
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

ACEinhibitors, penicillin, penicillamine, phenobarbital

90
Q

Bugs of acute IE

A

Staph and strep pneumo

91
Q

Subacute IE bugs

A

HACEK organisms

92
Q

Omphalocele

A

Edward’s syndrome, Patau syndrome, Beckwith Weidman

93
Q

Umbilical hernia + macroglossia

A

Congenital hypothyroidism

94
Q

Sick baby vomiting w bird’s beak sign on UGI series

A

Midgut volvulus

95
Q

Doughnut sign + fussy baby + palpable cylinder

A

Intussusception

96
Q

Steeple sign

A

Croup

97
Q

Caudal regression syndrome

A

Maternal Diabetes

98
Q

Kleinfelter’s .. Increased risk of

A

Gonadal malignancy

99
Q

White forelock, deafness, advanced paternal age

A

Waardenburg Syndrome

100
Q

Neonate: reticulogranular pattern + air bronchograms

A

RDS from surfactant deficiency

STEP2CK (12 decks)

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