Miscellaneous Flashcards

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1
Q

distribution

A

transportation of drug to site of action by body fluids

affected by circulation, permeability of cell membrane, plasma protein binding

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2
Q

Components of valid prescription

A
  1. Pt name
  2. date and time of Rx
  3. medication name
  4. dosage and strength
  5. route of administration
  6. time/frequency of administration
  7. quantity to dispense and number of refills
  8. prescribers signature
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3
Q

partial agonist

A

aka agonist-antagonist

have limited affinity for receptor sites

act as agonist at certain receptors and antagonist at others

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4
Q

excretion

A

removal of meds from body

usually through kidneys

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5
Q

metabolism

A

aka biotransformation

enzymes change meds into less active or inactive forms

primarily occurs in liver

rate of metabolism impacted by age, increases in enzymes, first-pass effect, similar metabolic pathways, nutrional status

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6
Q

antagonist

A

blocks receptors and prevents endogenous compounds or other meds from activating receptor

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7
Q

agonist

A

med binds to receptor to mimic endogenous compounds

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8
Q

half-life

A

affected by liver and kidney function

usually takes 4 half-lives to achieve steady blood concentration and to excrete drug (94%)

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9
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

how drugs move through the body

what the body does to the med

absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

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10
Q

absorption

A

how meds get from location of administration to bloodstream

rate of absorption determines how soon med takes effect

amount of med absorbed determines intensity of effect

route of administration affects rate and amount of absorption

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11
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

interaction between med and target cells, body systems, and organs to produce effects

what the med does to the body

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12
Q

theraputic index (TI)

A

meds with high TI have wide safety margin

meds with low TI have narrow theraputic range

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13
Q

Gram positive organisms (genera)

A

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Bacillus
Clostridium
Listeria
Corynebacterium

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14
Q

Gram negative organisms

A

Escherichia coli
Proteus mirabilis
Enterobacter cloacae
Serratia marcescens
Helicobacter pylori
Shigella
Vibrio
Salmonella enteritidis
Salmonella typhi
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilus influenzae
Moraxella catarrhalis
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Leigonella pneumophila

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