Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SCC RN > Clinical Manifestations > Flashcards

Clinical Manifestations Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NCLEX-RN® flashcards
1
Q

hypovolemia/dehydration

A

tachycardia
tachypnea
confusion (late sign)
thready pulse
thirst
mild fever
fatigue
weakness
flushed, dry skin
dry mucous membranes
poor skin turgor
oliguria
concentrated urine
hypotension
weight loss
hemoconcentration of labs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

fluid overload/overhydration

A

tachycardia
tachypnea
mental changes/confusion
bounding pulse
weight gain (2.2 lbs (1 Kg) in 24 hours)
pitting edema
ascites
jugular venous distension
hypertension
congested breath sounds (crackles)
cough
dyspnea (SOB/DOE)
hemodilution of labs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

tachycardia
tachypnea
confusion (late sign)
thready pulse
thirst
fever
fatigue
weakness
flushed, dry skin
dry mucous membranes
poor skin turgor
oliguria
concentrated urine
hypotension
weight loss
hemoconcentration of labs

A

hypovolemia/dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

tachycardia
tachypnea
mental changes/confusion
bounding pulse
weight gain (2.2 lbs (1 Kg) in 24 hours)
pitting edema
ascites
jugular venous distension
hypertension
congested breath sounds (crackles)
cough
dyspnea (SOB/DOE)
hemodilution of labs

A

fluid overload/overhydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hyperkalemia

A

> 5 mEq/L

increases cell excitability

EKG changes (peaked T wave)

bradycardia

hypotension

slow, irregular pulse

muscle weakness

increased GI motility, hyperactive BS

irritability/anxiety

paresthesia

skeletal muscle twitching, progessing to weakness/paralysis

oliguria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hypokalemia

A

< 3.5 mEq/L

reduced excitability of cells

cardiac dysrythmias

thready, weak pulse

orthostatic hypotension

decreased GI motility (constipation, distended abdomen, ileus)

nausea and vomiting

skeletal muscle weakness/paralysis

shallow respirations

irritability, anxiety, and confusion

lethargy progressing to coma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hypernatremia

A

>145 mEq/L

CNS changes (confusion, agitation)

seizures

muscle weakness/twitching

decreased DTRs

constipation

tachycardia, HoTN (hypovolemia)

bounding pulse (hypervolemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

hypomagnesemia

A

< 1.3 mEq/L

cardiac dysrythmias

tachycardia

hypertension

muscle cramps

agitation/confusion/apathy

paresthesia

siezures

hyperactive DTRs

decreased GI motility (anorexia, constipation, paralytic ileus)

positive Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

hyponatremia

A

< 136 mEq/L

CNS changes (headache, confusion, lethargy, coma)

seizures

muscular weakness (especially in arms and legs; respiratory compromise)

lightheadedness/dizziness

decreased DTRs

nausea, diarrhea, abd cramping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

hypermagnesemia

A

> 2.1 mEq/L

bradycardia, hypotension, vasodilation

drowsy/lethargic/coma

decreased DTRs

decreased respiratory rate and depth (respiratory muscle weakness)

diarrhea

cardiac arrest

usually asymptomatic until Mg > 4 mEq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hypertension

A

elevated: 120-129/<80 mm Hg

stage 1 HTN: 130-139/80-89 mm Hg

stage 2 HTN: 140+/90+ mm Hg

few or no manifestations

headache (especailly in morning), facial flushing, dizziness, visual changes, fainting, nocturia, chest pain, dyspnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

sudden SOB

crackles in lungs

anxiety

sharp, stabbing pain

tachycardia

tachypnea

change in LOC

cyanosis

hemoptysis

cardiac arrest

decreased O2 saturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

A

sudden onset of unilateral edema

localized pain

red, warm, indurated vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sudden SOB

crackles in lungs

anxiety

sharp, stabbing pain

tachycardia

tachypnea

change in LOC

cyanosis

hemoptysis

cardiac arrest

decreased O2 saturation

A

pulmonary embolism (PE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sudden onset of unilateral edema

localized pain

red, warm, indurated vein

A

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

A

results from atherosclerosis and narrowing of the lumen

intermittent claudication

numbness/burning pain, primarily in feet when in bed

pain relieved when placing legs in dependent position

decreased capillary refill of toes

diminished/non-palpable pulses

loss of hair

dry, scaly, mottled skin

thick toenails

cold/cyanotic extremity

dependent rubor

pallor with elevation

muscle atrophy

ulcers and gangrene of toes

17
Q

peripheripheral venous insufficiency (PVI)

A

results from prolonged venous hypertension that damages the valves

stasis dermatitis (brown discoloration extending up the level of insufficiency)

edema

stasis ulcers (usually on ankles)

18
Q

varicose veins

A

distended, superficial, visible veins

muscle cramping/aches

pain after sitting

pruritus

19
Q

hypocalcemia

A

< 9.0 mg/dL

muscle spasms

paresthesias (tingling around lips, nose, ears)

Trousseau’s/Chvostek’s signs

EKG changes

abd cramping and diarrhea

20
Q

hypercalcemia

A

>10.5 mg/dL

bradycardia

blood clotting

severe muscle weakness

decreased DTRs

confusion, lethargy

constipation

21
Q

hypophosphatemia

A

< 3.0 mg/dL

muscle weakness

respiratory failure due to weakened respiratory muscles

HoTN

parasthesia

irritability, confusion

22
Q

hyperphosphatemia

A

> 4.5 mg/dL

few clinical symptoms

Sx r/t to hypocalcemia (muscle spasms; paresthesias (tingling around lips, nose, ears); Trousseau’s/Chvostek’s signs; EKG changes; abd cramping and diarrhea)

23
Q

increases cell excitability

EKG changes (peaked T wave)

bradycardia

hypotension

slow, irregular pulse

muscle weakness

increased GI motility, hyperactive BS

irritability/anxiety

paresthesia

skeletal muscle twitching, progessing to weakness/paralysis

oliguria

A

hyperkalemia

24
Q

reduced excitability of cells

cardiac dysrythmias

thready, weak pulse

orthostatic hypotension

decreased GI motility (constipation, distended abdomen, ileus)

nausea and vomiting

skeletal muscle weakness/paralysis

shallow respirations

irritability, anxiety, and confusion

lethargy progressing to coma

A

hypokalemia

25
Q

CNS changes (confusion, agitation)

seizures

muscle weakness/twitching

decreased DTRs

constipation

tachycardia, HoTN (hypovolemia)

bounding pulse (hypervolemia)

A

hypernatremia

26
Q

cardiac dysrythmias

tachycardia

hypertension

muscle cramps

agitation/confusion/apathy

paresthesia

siezures

hyperactive DTRs

decreased GI motility (anorexia, constipation, paralytic ileus)

positive Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs

A

hypomagnesemia

27
Q

CNS changes (headache, confusion, lethargy, coma)

seizures

muscular weakness (especially in arms and legs; respiratory compromise)

lightheadedness/dizziness

decreased DTRs

nausea, diarrhea, abd cramping

A

hyponatremia

28
Q

bradycardia, hypotension, vasodilation

drowsy/lethargic/coma

decreased DTRs

decreased respiratory rate and depth (respiratory muscle weakness)

diarrhea

cardiac arrest

usually asymptomatic until Mg > 4 mEq/L

A

hypermagnesemia

29
Q

muscle spasms

paresthesias (tingling around lips, nose, ears)

Trousseau’s/Chvostek’s signs

EKG changes

abd cramping and diarrhea

A

hypocalcemia

30
Q

bradycardia

blood clotting

severe muscle weakness

decreased DTRs

confusion, lethargy

constipation

A

hypercalcemia

31
Q

muscle weakness

respiratory failure due to weakened respiratory muscles

HoTN

parasthesia

irritability, confusion

A

hypophosphatemia

32
Q

few clinical symptoms

Sx r/t to hypocalcemia (muscle spasms; paresthesias (tingling around lips, nose, ears); Trousseau’s/Chvostek’s signs; EKG changes; abd cramping and diarrhea)

A

hyperphosphatemia

33
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

hypoxia

muscle rigidity

tachycardia

tachypnea

late signs: hypotension, hyperthermia

SCC RN (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions