Misc need to knows Flashcards
GERD risk factors
Obesity because of increased inter abdominal pressure
Smoking (cigarette & cigar)
Hiatal hernia
Clinical Manifestation
Mild symptoms = more than twice a week Moderate - severe symptoms = once a week Heartburn/Pyrosis Dyspepsia = pain centered in the upper abdomen Vomiting (hot bitter or sour) Hyper salivation Difficulty breathing Angina like chest pain that's relieved with antacids
What foods to avoid?
No specific diet is necessary Chocolate Peppermint Tomatoes Fatty foods Alcohol Coffee Tea Milk - especially at bedtime
Diet changes that can help reduce GERD
Avoid late night snacking and meals
Eat more small meals
Drink fluids in between meals rather than with them
Hiatal Hernia is more common in:
Older adults, women than men
Two types of Hiatal Hernia
Sliding - stomach slides through the hiatal opening of the diaphragm and usually occurs when pt is supine but resolves when they stand up
Paraesophageal - curvature of stomach rolls up through the diaphragm and forms a pocket along side the esophagus = 911 medical emergency
How should you sleep with a hiatal hernia?
HOB elevated
What’s the difference between CHRONS and Ulcerative Colitis?
S/s and location
CHRONS =
- S/S: weight loss in common (maybe severe), infrequent rectal bleeding, malabsorption and nutritional deficit common
- Location: occurs anywhere along GI tract from mouth to anus
U.C =
- S/S: weight loss is rare, rectal bleeding, minimal malabsorption and nutrition deficit
- Location = starts in rectum and stops at the colon
What CHRONS and Ulcerative Colitis have in common?
Diarrhea and cramping is common in both
Onset = teens - mid 30’s
Bloody stool (u.c mostly)
Chronic condition with mild to severe exacerbation
Ulcerative Colitis: moderate and mild
Moderate = increased stool and bloody stool, anorexia, mild anemia and systemic symptoms (fever Severe = bloody mucus stool, anemia, tachycardia and dehydration
Diverticulitis: Diet
NPO
Clear liquid diet
Peptic Ulcer Disease: Lavage
50-100 mL of fluid through NG tube instilled in the stomach there’s no proof that it helps with upper GI bleeding but some institutions use it
Peptic Ulcer Disease: PPI
Used to reduce gastric acid secretions and promote ulcer healing. Antibiotics are used in combo with PPI to treat H.Pylori caused ulcers.
Four F’s of gall bladder stones
Female
Forty
Fat
Fertile
Number one intervention of colylothosis or ectomy/gallbladder =
Relieve the pain
