misc. from renal review Flashcards
angiotensin II stimulates _____ in nephron
Na+ reabsorption (NHE) in PCT
aldosterone stimulates _____ in principal cells, & _____ in alpha-intercalated cells
Na+ reabsorption (ENaC) & K+ secretion (ROMK) in principal cells
H+ secretion (H ATPase) in alpha-intercalated cells
3 things that increase Renin secretion (RAAS)
decreased BP
decreased NaCl passing MD cells
increased SNS
renal artery stenosis _____ renin secretion
increases
heart failure _____ renin secretion
increases
main function of ADH/AVP
causes excretion of small volume of concentrated urine
1 way that ADH increases water permeability in collecting duct
stimulates placing cAMP-dependent AQP2 in apical membrane
3 ways that ADH maximizes medullary osmotic gradient
-stimulates UT1 (more IMCD urea permeability)
-stimulates NKCC in TALH & ENaC in CCT
-decreases blood flow through vasa recta
free water clearance of concentrated urine is
neg (-)
free water clearance of dilute urine is
pos (+)
what value(s) are synonymous with RPF
Cpah
(clearance of PAH)
what value(s) are synonymous with GFR
Cin, Ccr
(clearance of inulin, clearance of creatinine)
relationship of GFR and Pcr (plasma creatinine)
inversely related
^ GFR = v Pcr
autoregulation if GFR & RBF is NOT performed by which pathway
RAAS
autoregulation in kidney only induces changes in what structure
afferent arteriole
angiotensin II has preferential effect on _____ arteriole
efferent
RBF, GFR with constriction of afferent and/or efferent arteriole
afferent constriction =
v RBF, GFR
efferent constriction =
v RBF, ^ GFR
both constriction =
v RBF, no change GFR
buffers are most effective when pH is _____
closest to their pKa
chronic acidosis = _____ ammoniagenesis in the _____, in order to _____
upregulates ammoniagenesis in the PCT
= produces new bicarb !
primary location in nephron for reabsorption of most water / solute
PCT
organic anions (PAH, creatinine) & organic cations handling in the nephron
only secreted, & only in the PCT
TF/P for solutes that are freely filtered
TF/P = 1
TF/P for solutes that are not filtered
TF/P = 0
^ FF = ___ RPF or ___ GFR
v RPF or ^ GFR (if no change in RPF)
vv RPF = ___ GFR
v GFR
NFP (net filtration pressure) in glomerular capillaries is _____, bc _____
pos (+)
bc net filtration pressures dominate in this capillary
NFP (net filtration pressure) in peritubular (& vasa recta) capillaries is _____, bc _____
neg (-)
bc net reabsorptive pressures dominate in the capillary
