Misc Flashcards
BLS paeds algorithm
5 RB, 15:2 compressions
1 min of CPR if alone then call resus
RBC lifespan in infants?
70 days
What is minimal change glomerulonephritis?
Most common nephrotic syndrome at 2-3 y/o
Peripheral oedema, heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia + hyperlipidaemia
What head injury signs indicate a NAI?
Abusive head trauma EDH Skull fractures SDH Retinal haemorrhage
Which skeletal fractures are common in NAI?
Ribs Clavicle Scapular Vertebral Fingers
What injuries are suspicious of NAI?
Head injury Skeletal fractures Thermal injuries Visceral injuries Cold injuries Ingestions/ poisoning Soft tissue injuries Asphyxiations/ cardiac arrest
What condition is cafe au lait spots linked with?
Neurofibromatosis 2
When do you treat strawberry naevi + how?
if near the eyes – treat with propranolol
How + why do you investigate port wine stains?
Due to risk of Sturge Webers (ocular intracranial angioamas, learning delay + seizures)
Do retinal screen + MRI
What is erythema toxicum?
Hypersensitivity reaction in newborns, covers whole body, resolves in few weeks
What investigations do you do for ?peri-orbital cellulitis?
CT head to check for orbital cellulitis
What advice needs to be given for someone with EBV?
No alcohol or contact sports
When do you use an expiratory film CXR?
Kids with ?inhaled foreign body
Affected lung volume doesn’t reduce
When to refer + treat for cryptochorchidism
3 months - refer
Surgery after 6 months
Which inguinal hernias are most common + when should they be treated?
Indirect inguinal commonly right side
Fix within 4 weeks
When is TTG test positive?
Coeliac (tissue transglutaminase IgA)
Which blood test is abnormal in haemophilia?
APTT is raised
What is the most common malignancy in kids?
ALL
What is the most common brain tumour in kids?
Astrocytoma
Signs of mild, moderate + severe dehydration + the % body weight loss this means
Mild (up to 5%) = thirsty but everything else normal.
Moderate (6-9%) = tachycardic, dry mucus membranes, oliguria
Severe (>10%) = drowsy, hypotensive, cold, anuria
What is a complication of infection that causes hyponatraemia + oliguria?
SIADH
What supplements should breastfeeding women take?
Vit D
How is ITP diagnosed?
FBC - low platelets
What is a torsion of hydatid of Morgagni + how does it differentiate from testicular torsion?
Most common cause of acute scrotum in kids.
Cremasteric reflex still present + blue dot may be visible
What is benign rolandic epilepsy?
seizures occurring at night involving mouth + face
What bloods do you do 1st line with prolonged jaundice + what is it to rule out?
Split bilirubin (want to know level of conjugated bilirubin due to risk of biliary atresia)
What is the 1st line investigation in a non febrile seizure?
ECG
When does autism present?
Before 3
What is erythema infectiosum?
Parvovirus - fifth disease
How do you diagnose Duchennes?
CK
What are the RF for surfactant deficiency?
Prematurity, male, sepsis, maternal DM, 2nd twin, elective CS
What investigations to do in children <6 months + >6 months with UTIs?
<6 months = any UTI = USS + MCUG
>6 months = recurrent UTI = USS + DMSA
When do premature babies get their vaccines?
At chronological age
What is the key finding in babies whose mothers have been infected with CMV?
Intracranial calcifications
What does effortless vomiting after feed signify?
Reflux
What are the 3 C’s of measles?
Cough, coryza + conjunctivitis
Which vaccines are live + so when can they not be given?
MMR + BCG
High dose steroids, low CD4 count HIV, chemo
What does an exo/ eso + phoric/ tropic squint mean?
Exo = means the squint looks out/laterally
Eso = means the squint looks in/medially
Phoric = latent – only appears when binocular vision disrupted
Tropic – manifest – there all the time
What heart defect causes splitting of S2?
ASD
