Misc Flashcards
Gram positive cocci in pairs
SLE-strep.,listeria,enterococcus
Gram negative coco bacillus
Hemophilus
WHO premature death
Less than 70 for NCD
Population of Kerala
Around 30 million in 2015
Ex smoker is
After stopping smoking for 28 days
Equations for eGFR
- CKD -EPI
- MDRD
- Cockroft Gault
CKD-EPI seems best especially when GFR is normal or only mildly reduced
Expiratory film means
Right diaphragm above junction of 6th antr and 10 th rib postr
MC Autosomal Dominant genetic disease
Familial hypercholestrolemia
Treatment of pericarditis
Ibuprofen or Indomerhacin plus Colchicine
NSAID till symptomatic relief- around 2 weeks
Colchicine for 3 months
After MI it’s Aspirin plus Colchicine
Before doing Ankle Brachial index u should rest for
15-30 mts
Normal ABI
> .91-1.3
> 1.3- non compressible vessel
0.7-0.9…Mild d/s
Heart valves and MRI
No contraindication after 1983
Ortho / Dental materials also not CI
Stents/Coils/Filters after 4-6 wks not contraindicated
Absolute CI to MRI
Aneurysm clips
Cochlear implants
Electronic implants
Pacemakers/ICDs??
Rigor Mortis sets in after
2 hours of death
High altitude is
5000 feet or more above sea level
Cardiovascular disease affects…….% of world population
4%
300
million people
18 million death
Space live ppt
Population of Dubai
3 million
Population of UAE
9 million
2017
Population of Kerala
35 million
2017
Chronic kidney disease is GFR less than
60 or kidney damage for at least 3 months
Or other evidence like
UACR > 30mg/g
Normal UACR in young adult < 10mg/g.
Or Imaging abnormalities as PCKD , RAS
UACR >2200 mg/g is accompanied by
Signs of Nephrotic syndrome
Donor kidney is attached to—
Internal iliac artery
Rt diaphragm normal level in CXR
6 rib lower border anteriorly
10th rib upper border posteriorly
Why no hematuria in contrast induced nephropathy
Glomerulus not involved
Stenting in Asymptomatic Carotid Artery stenosis
Only in patients at high risk of stroke
ESC2017
How to calculate NNT
1/ Absolute Risk reduction
Eg. If ARR is .64%
Then 1 / .0064= 154 . So 154 is the NNT
NNT thresholds for assessing benefits
NNT of =< 5—high QALY benefits
> 15–Low QALY benefits
QALY-Quality adjusted life years
Journal of Clinical Epidemiol 2006
Whether NNT is sufficiently precise to use in clinical practice is unclear
Beta thalassemia trait Hb electrophoresis
HbA2 -4% or more
Plus
HbF-5% or less
MCC of acute pericarditis
Idiopathic ( may be viral…)-80%
Then autoimmune in Europe
Percentage of global population who regularly exercise
10-20%
Incidence of cardiovascular death worldwide
1 out of 3
and 1 out of 10 in those aged 30-70 years.
Leaflet ESC 2017
First human cardiac transplant was done in ——-year
1967; 10 yr prior to first Ptca
CKD definition
Albumin excretion 30 mg or more per day or
GFR < 60 ml/my/1.73m2
for 3 or more months
Polycythemia Vera is suspected when Hb / Hct is
> 16.5/ 49% in males
> 16 / 48% in females
One phlebotomy will reduce hematocrit by
3%
Clindamycin belongs to ………group of antibiotics
Lincosamides