Misc. Flashcards
In mammals, toxicity amount is described using…
LD 50 in mg/kg BW.
In birds, toxicity amount is described using…
LC50 mg/kg feed.
In fish, toxicity amount is described using…
LC50 mg/L H2O.
Acute toxicity occurs in what time frame?
24 hours.
Subacute toxicity occurs within what time frame?
1-30 days.
Subchronic toxicity occurs between what time frame?
30-90 days.
Chronic toxicity would be described as occurring over what amount of time?
3 months or more.
What is chronicity factor?
It is the ratio between acute LD50 and chronic LD50.
Extremely toxic = ?
1mg/kg or less.
Highly toxic = ?
1 - 50mg/kg.
Moderately toxic = ?
50 - 500mg/kg.
Slightly toxic = ?
0.5 - 5g/kg
Practically non-toxic = ?
5 - 15 g/kg.
Relatively harmless = ?
> 15g/kg
What is the highest/largest dose which does not result in undesirable or toxic alterations?
Highest non-toxic dose (HNTD)
What is the maximum tolerated dose (MTD)?
It’s similar to the highest non-toxic dose.
What is the Toxic Dose Low (TDL)?
Lowest dose that produces toxic alterations and administering twice this dose will NOT cause death.
What is Toxic Dose High (TDH)?
Dose which produces toxic alterations and administering twice this dose WILL cause death.
Describe the no-effect level (max non-toxic level).
Amount of a chemical that can be ingested w/o causing any deaths, illness, or toxic alterations in any animal for a stated period. (usually 90 days to 2 years, depending on the species)
What is the highest dose that does not cause any deaths?
LD-0
What is the dose that kills 50% of animals in a group?
LD 50
What is the lowest dose that kills all the animals?
LD 100
