Misc Flashcards
tx dog/cat bite?
copious irrigation, make sure tetanus is up-to-date, allow healing by 2° intention
**PPx Augmentin for Pasturella cellulitis
human bite –> cellulitis:
organism?
tx?
Eikenella or other oral anaerobes
admit + debridement + IV abx, leave open to heal by secondary intention
Black widow bite:
___toxin
s/s?
tx?
neurotoxin
severe abdominal cramps, acute abdomen, n/v;
Tx IV calcium gluconate + muscle relaxants
Brown recluse bite:
___toxin
s/s?
tx?
necrotoxin
local skin ulceration
Tx excise ulcer + skin graft
Tx enuresis?
bed-wetting alarm > desmopressin > imipramine
Breastfeeding contraindications:
HIV, HSV on breast, active TB, chemotherapy, galactosemia, PKU, lithium, EtOH, iodine
LP contraindications:
- elevated ICP w/o open fontanelle
- severe cardiorespiratory distress
- puncture site cellulitis
- severe coagulopathy
Oligohydramnios =
↓amniotic fluid → pulmonary hypoplasia (respiratory distress) + constraint deformities (club feet)
Polyhydramnios:
cause?
GI obstruction or maternal diabetes → ↑amniotic fluid
Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS):
donor twin =
recipient twin =
Dx =
abnormal vascular flow between mono-di twins
donor twin = oligohydramnios/anemia
recipient twin = polyhydramnios/polycythemia
dx = hct difference >15
BO hemolytic disease: ↑risk of... Dx? PPx? Tx?
type-O mom w/ type-A/B baby develops anti-A/B IgG → crosses placenta and attacks fetal RBCs → causes fetal hydrops
↑risk of late-onset high output CHF
Dx Coombs test
PPx RhoGAM
Tx intrauterine blood transfusions
Rh hemolytic disease (erythroblastosis fetalis):
Dx?
PPx?
Tx?
Rh- mom w/ 2nd Rh+ baby develops anti-D IgG → crosses placenta and attacks fetal RBCs → causes fetal hydrops
Dx? Coombs test
PPx? RhoGAM
Tx? intrauterine blood transfusions
Hyponatremia + pancytopenia =
consider RMSF
Refeeding syndrome in eating d/o:
↑synthesis of…
decr electrolytes?
incr synthesis of glycogen, fat, proteins = uses up electrolytes –> ↓K and ↓phosphate
Cyanide:
presentation?
management?
headache → agitation/confusion → seizures and metabolic acidosis
Tx nitrites + hydroxocobalamin + thiosulfate
Iron ingestion: presentation?
upper GI bleed, abd pain, metabolic acidosis, shock
Tx TCA OD?
sodium bicarb or Fab antibody fragments
Adolescent “HEADSSS” assessment includes…
Home, Education, Activities, Drugs, Sex, Suicide, Safety
Sports contraindications:
- bleeding d/o (hemophilia)
- single eye
- single kidney
- unexplained syncope
- infectious mono (to prevent splenic rupture)
Late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia:
21-hydroxylase deficiency → excess of sex steroids → precocious puberty in boys
Tanner in Females: 1 2 3 4 5
1 = kid 2 = breast buds 3= breast elevation, peak growth velocity 4 = areolar mound (big nipples) 5 = adult
Tanner in Males:: 1 2 3 4 5
1 = kid 2 = scrotal darkening, thin long pubic hair 3 = dark curly pubic hair 4 = adult pubic hair but w/o full coverage; peak growth velocity 5 = adult
Ataxia-telangiectasia is a/w increased incidence of…
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and gastric carcinoma
Prune belly syndrome =
- partial or complete lack of abdominal wall muscles
- Cryptorchidism
- urinary tract abn (VUR), UTIs
- VSD
- malrotation
- club foot