ID Flashcards
Gonococcal conjunctivitis:
Timing?
tx?
associated s/s?
day 2-5  Tx topical erythromycin + IV ceftriaxone  can cause corneal ulceration
Chlamydia conjunctivitis:
Timing?
tx?
associated s/s?
day 5-14
Tx PO erythromycin
can cause chlamydial pneumonia (“staccato cough” + eosinophilia)
Haemophilus ducreyi: presentation?
painful chancre + LAD
Lymphogranuloma venereum: organism? presentation? dx? tx?
Chlamydia trachomatis,
L1-L3 serotypes
1° – transient, painless ulcer
2° – painful LAD
3° – anogenital syndrome (proctocolitis, rectal strictures, rectovaginal fistulas, genital elephantiasis)
Dx complement fixation
Tx doxycycline
Condylomataa acuminata: organism?
HPV 6/11
Neonatal pneumonia:
MCC?
presentation?
tx?
MCC GBS
presents as respiratory distress, fever/hypothermia, leukocytosis/leukopenia w/ left-shift
Tx ampicillin + gentamicin
Neonatal meningitis:
MCC?
presentation?
tx?
MCC GBS
presents as fever, irritability, AMS, ±bulging fontanelle, and may not have meningeal signs;
Tx ABCs then LP then ceftriaxone + vancomycin
Meningitis + subdural effusions:
common, benign finding
Listeria meningitis: due to …
maternal ingestion of lunch meats or unpasteurized dairy products
Meningococcal meningitis: Tx?
penicillin
Acute bacterial sinusitis:
organism?
tx?
Strep pneumo > H. flu > Moraxella catarrhalis superinfx of viral URI
amoxicillin
Otitis media:
organism?
tx?
Strep pneumo > H. flu > Moraxella catarrhalis
Tx amoxicillin
Otitis externa: Tx?
cipro drops
Shigellosis:
dx?
tx?
watery/bloody diarrhea, fever, tonic-clonic seizures can precede GI sx (Ekiri syndrome)
Dx stool cx
Tx IV fluids + ceftriaxone
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum:
strep throat/scarlet fever-like presentation but throat cx grows out Arcanobacterium instead
Toxic shock syndrome:
tx?
due to S. aureus TSST, often found in tampons; presents w/ septic shock, diffuse maculopapular rash
(desquamation of palms/soles is late finding), strawberry tongue;
Tx admit + stabilize + IV nafcillin (prevents recurrence)
Staph food poisoning: timeline?
ingestion of preformed S. aureus enterotoxin → diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramps within 6 hrs
Leptospirosis:
organism?
presentation?
possible complication?
due to Leptospira interrogans
presents as fever/chills, sore throat, myalgias, headache, cervical LAD, scleral injection,
photophobia
can lead to meningitis (but most infx are subclinical)
Weil disease:
leptospirosis + renal failure + liver failure
Dacryocystitis:
tx?
infx of medial canthus of eye
Tx warm compresses + abx drops
Orbital vs. preseptal cellulitis:
consider preseptal w/ eyelid discoloration
consider orbital w/ proptosis, limited eye movement, pain w/ movement, or loss of vision
RMSF:organsm?
presentation?
possible lab abn?
tx?
due to Rickettsia rickettsii from Dermacentor ticks
causes fever/chills and rash that starts on hands/feet and moves inward
can result in pancytopenia + hyponatremia
Tx doxycycline (regardless of age)
Lyme disease:
organism?
1’ vs 2’ vs 3’?
tx?
due to Borrelia burgdorferi from Ixodes ticks
1° Lyme = erythema chronicum migrans
2° Lyme = bilateral Bell palsy + AV block
3° Lyme = chronic arthritis
Tx amoxicillin (9 y/o)
Lyme disease + hemolytic anemia:
organism?
dx?
tx?
due to Babesia microtii also from Ixodes ticks
Dx RBC smear
Tx clindamycin + quinine
Tularemia:
organism?
presentation?
tx?
“rabbit fever” due to Francisella tularensis
MC presentation is ulceroglandular syndrome (nonhealing ulcer + ascending LAD)
Tx streptomycin
Pseudomonas:
G (+/-), ___ase+
G– oxidase+ rod
commonly found in burns, tennis shoe puncture wounds, swimming pools, hot tubs, cystic fibrosis
HUS: tx?
Tx TPN + peritoneal dialysis (do not use abx)
Lymphadenitis:
organism?
presentation?
tx?
Staph aureus infx → swollen, tender, erythematous LN
Tx dicloxacillin
Cat scratch disease:
organism?
presentation?
tx?
Bartonella henselae infx from cats (flea vector)
Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome (nonpainful conjunctivitis + preauricular LAD)
Tx azithromycin
Typhoid fever:
organism?
presentation?
dx?
Salmonella typhi
fever, diarrhea, HSM, abdominal pain w/ “rose spot” rash
Dx ↑fecal leukocytes + stool cx
Tinea capitis:
tx?
due to Trichophyton tonsurans; presents as boggy scalp lesion w/ hair loss; Dx KOH prep, Tx PO griseofulvin
Viral meningitis:
organism?
dx?
tx?
due to enterovirus infx (echo, coxsackie)
Dx CSF shows ↑lymphocytes + normal glucose
Tx supportive care
“Amoxicillin rash”:
rash s/p amoxicillin in a misdiagnosed “strep throat” is pathognomonic for EBV infx
Rabies: give post-exposure ppx for…
any bat exposure
Rubeola (measles):
presentation/timeline?
tx?
cough, coryza (head cold), conjunctivitis, Koplik spots, then diffuse maculopapular rash
Tx vitamin A
Rubella:
presentation/timeline?
diffuse maculopapular rash (starts on face and migrates down) w/ low-grade fever, marked LAD, sore throat, ±arthralgias
Roseola:
organism?
presentation/timeline?
due to HHV-6
high-grade fever for 3 days, then diffuse maculopapular rash
Rotavirus MC occurs during which season?
winter
Cutaneous larva migrans:
organism?
presentation?
tx?
due to Toxocara canis/cati
presents as itchy lesion on bottom of foot after playing around barefoot
Tx ivermectin
Visceral larva migrans:
organism?
presentation?
tx?
due to Toxocara canis/cati
presents w/ fever + HSM + eosinophilia
Tx ivermectin
Ascariasis:
organism?
presentation?
due to Ascaris lumbricoides; presents w/ eosinophilia + intestinal obstruction
Trichinellosis:
presentation?
**found in undercooked pork
triad of periorbital edema, myositis, eosinophilia; may have nonspecific splinter hemorrhages
