minerals and rocks Flashcards
a naturally formed inorganic solid that a definite chemical structure
Mineral
a naturally occuring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter
Rock
a substance that cant be seperated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
Element
a substance made up of atoms of 2 or more different elements joined by chemical bounds
Compound
a solid whose atoms ions or molecules are arranged in a definite pattern
Crystal
the way in which a material reflects light
Luster
the color of the powder of a mineral
Streak
the splitting of a mineral along smooth flat surfaces
Cleavage
the manner in which a mineral breaks along either curved or irregular surfaces
Fracture
the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
Density
a natural mineral whose concentration of economically valuable materials is high enough for the material to be mined profitably
Ore
Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Igneous rock
re types of rock that are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of mineral or organic particles on the floor of oceans or other bodies of water at the Earth’s surface
Sedimentary rock
metamorphism, which means change in form the original rock is subjected to heat and pressure, causing profound physical or chemical change.
Metamorphic rock
a precious or semiprecious stone, especially one cut, polished, and used in a piece of jewelry.
gemstones
