astronomy Flashcards
the earth was the center of the solar system and everything orbitted around earth
Ptolemy
he is a poilish astronomer that made the theory thr sun is the center of the universe and all of the planets including earth orbit the sun
Copernicus
he used several different tools to make the most detailed astronomical observations that had been recorded so far
Brahe, Tycho
after brahe died he continued his work but disagreed with brahes statement and later came up with all planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits and the sun is not in the exact center of the orbits
Kepler, Johannes
became one of the first people to use a telescope and to observe objects in space
Galileo
showed that all objects in the universe attract each other through gravitational force
Newton, Isaac
he proved that other galaxies existed beyond the edge of the milky way
Hubble, Edwin
a constellation in the northern sky, whose associated mythology likely dates back into prehistory.
Ursa major
also known as the Little Bear, is a constellation in the Northern Sky. Like the Great Bear, the tail of the Little Bear may also be seen as the handle of a ladle, hence the North American name, Little Dipper: seven stars with four in its bowl like its partner the Big Dipper.
Ursa minor
a prominent constellation located on the celestial equator and visible throughout the world. It is one of the most conspicuous and recognizable constellations in the night sky.
Orion
a constellation in the southern celestial hemisphere. In the second century, it was included in Ptolemy’s 48 constellations, and is counted among the 88 modern constellations.
Canis major
is a constellation in the northern sky, named after the vain queen Cassiopeia in Greek mythology, who boasted about her unrivalled beauty. Cassiopeia was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century Greek astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations today
Cassiopeia
an apparent shift in the position of an object when viewed from different locations
Parallax
the distance that light travels in one year about 9.46 trillion kilometers
Light-year
Polaris designated alpha ursae minoris commonly the north star or pole star is the brightest star in the constellation of ursa minor.
Polaris (the star)
a very large star of high luminosity and low surface temperature. Red giants are thought to be in a late stage of evolution when no hydrogen remains in the core to fuel nuclear fusion.
red giant
is what stars like the Sun become after they have exhausted their nuclear fuel. Near the end of its nuclear burning stage, this type of star expels most of its outer material, creating a planetary nebula. Only the hot core of the star remains.
white dwarf
fuse hydrogen atoms to form helium atoms in their cores. About 90 percent of the stars in the universe, including the sun, are main sequence stars. These stars can range from about a tenth of the mass of the sun to up to 200 times as massive. Stars start their lives as clouds of dust and gas.
main sequence star
a star that suddenly increases greatly in brightness because of a catastrophic explosion that ejects most of its mass.
supernova
s a region of spacetime exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing—not even particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light—can escape from inside it. The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass can deform spacetime to form a black hole.
black hole
