Milgram Flashcards
Who was Milgram’s supervisor?
Allport
Who was Milgram a research assistant to?
Asch
What did Milgram replicate?
Asch paradigm with
• … different cultures,
• … different groups
• … procedural modifications
Who reported on the Eichmann trial?
Hannah Arendt
Who were the participants in Milgram’s study?
Normal people from New Haven area around Yale to take part in a ‘study of memory’
How many participants did experts predict will go to 450v
1 in 1000
What were the four prods?
- Please continue.
- The experiment requires that you continue.
- It is absolutely essential that you continue.
- You have no other choice, you must go on.
How was their deception?
- confederate learner
- fake shocks
- pre-determined objections from learner
What were the additional prods?
- Although the shocks may be painful, there is no permanent tissue damage, so please go on
- Whether the learner likes it or not, you must go on until he has learned all the word pairs correctly, so please go on.
How many times was the basic study replicated?
24 times
What is the modal finding of Milgram?
65% go to 450v
What did Bettelheim call the research?
‘… so vile that nothing these experiments show has any value’
How many of Milgram’s participants had a seizure?
3/40
How many of Milgram’s participants showed random laughter
14/40
How many people disobeyed when the experimenter said ‘you have no other choice you must continue’
100% (Burger)
What key features did Milgram identify?
- readiness to relinquish responsibility
- entering ‘the agentic state’
- concentric fields of influence
Which features of the stufy did Blass point to that help understand larger scale events?
Self-consistency and incremental steps
Which theories can explain the study’s results?
Social impact and social identity
How does social impact theory (Latane) explain the study?
We are influenced by authority figures (obey them) as a function of their…
• Strength (status or prestige)
• Immediacy
• Number
How does social identity theory explain the study (Turner)?
We are influenced by authority figures (obey them) to the extent that
• we identify with the group they represent (e.g. science/scientist)
We are influenced by their instructions to harm others to the extent that
• we don’t identify with those others
“Engaged Followership” (Haslam et al., 2014; Reicher et al., 2012)
Who came up with engaged followship?
Haslam
At what voltage did the participant say ‘My hearts starting to bother me’
150v
How many participants left at 150v
6
Where has Milgram informed debate?
theology, ethics, management, law, history…
What did Arendt phrase Eichman as?
banality of evil
What was the lethal shock labelled as?
XXX
WHen does the learner stop responding?
330v
How many of Milgrams participants went to 450v?
65%
What is agentic shift
shift from acting in terms of ones own ppurposes to acting as an agent for someone else
