Migration and Empire - Issue 4 Flashcards
Contribution of Lithuanian Immigrants to Scotland
The Lithuanian community contributed to the economic development of Scotland in that they worked the coal mining industry.
All the heavy industries depended on coal during the industrial revolution thus the Lithuanians were central to the development of Scotland as an Industrial, prosperous nation.
Contribution of Irish Immigrants to Scotland
Irish Immigrants contributed by developing Scotland’s Industrial economy - Irish navvies established a lot of transport infrastructure by building roads, railways and canals. In the 1890s the Glasgow subway was tunnelled by Irish Labour.
Irish contributed to Scottish Culture through the establishment of football teams descended from the Catholic Irish- Celtic, Hibs and Dundee united were established to represent the Irish Communities.
Contribution of Italian Immigrants
The Italian Community contributed to the economy by introducing and dominating the cafe and restaurant culture that that the Scots enjoyed - e.g. Valvona & Crolla.
Or in Glasgow, in 1903 there were 89 Italian run cafes, growing to 336 by 1905.
The Impact of Empire of Scotland - Wealth
In 1903, three independent Glasgow - Based railway engine building companies formed one company called the North British Locomotive works.
= The largest centre of railway engine production in Europe
= Exported across the empire as well as South America.
Growth of a confident middle class who invested money abroad and in their own living arrrangements. seen in the growth of elegant suburbs e.g. Broughty Ferry near Dundee.
The Impact of Empire on Scotland - Competition from the Empire
Scottish Agriculture was affected by the arrival of chilled and frozen beef and mutton from Australia after 1870.
Traditional overseas markets for Scotland, like Australia had been lost as America has stepped in to fill the gap caused by the loss of Scottish products during the war.
Price Competition from India effectively finished off what was left of the cotton industry in Glasgow and the West of Scotland by the end of the 1920s.
It created a ‘Brain Drain’ where many Scotland’s young, skilled/talented, left for a new life abroad and instead of enriching Scotland economically and culturally, they did it elsewhere.
Impact of the Empire on Scotland - Identity
In 1830 Scots were 10 percent of the population of Britain, but over 13 percent of the Army, By 1870, Scots were 10.5 percent of the British population, but only 8 percent of the Army.
Indian- grown tea became a staple of the Scottish Diet.
Empire and development of Scottish Identity abroad - Canada
The mass shipment of whole communities helped preserve a folk memory of the clearances which brought them to where they were. Traditions carried on in the new communities in Canada.
Empire and development of the Scottish Identity abroad - Australia
Much less sense of a whole community being uprooted and sent there - many came from the Lowlands and less bitterness about being sent there. Nevertheless, traditions carried o.
Empire and development of Scottish Identity abroad - New Zealand
Most scots migrated from the lowlands such as industrial Glasgow or Urban Edinburgh, but when arriving in places like Otago and Southland in New Zealand, they created a n image of Scotland that had nothing to do with the life they had left.#
From mid 1860s, Caledonian Societies were established in most small communities. They helped to develop Scots culture by teaching Scots literature , history , holding Caledonian games, playing Bagpipes and Highland Dancing.
Empire and Development of Scottish Identity - Irish
John Wheatley was a labour politician and was made the Minister of Health in 1924.
Irish helped develop a School system which has separate Catholic Schools in many cities across Scotland.
Empire and development of Scottish Identity - Italians
Contributed to the leisure Industry, In 1903 89 cafes in Glasgow & In 1905 336 cafes in Glasgow. e.g. Nardini’s in Largs
Empire and Development of Scottish Identity - Jews
Involved in the Tobacco industry, Jacob Kramrisch helped to create the tobacco Industry in Scotland & therefore hundreds of Jobs.
Helped to make the average scot better dressed as cheaper prices.
