Migration and Empire - ISSUE 3 Flashcards
Canada - Culture & Religion
Scot George Ramsay established Dalhousie Uni in 1818.
Canadian Literature has been influenced by Scottish writers from Robert Burns to Sir Walter Scott.
McGill University was founded in 1821 with money from the estate of James McGill.
Canada - Economy & Enterprise
Scots were dominant in booming industries and a third of the Canadian business elite was of Scottish Origin.
Hudson Bay Company fur trading around the world (orcadians were recruited as their experience and the skills were required) .
Many Highlanders found land and agricultural opportunities and their skills in Scotland stood them in great stead.
Canada - Native Societies
Not all Immigrants were respectful of the skills and culture of the Native Americans.
The Metis people were extremely valuable people in the fur trade development they were skilled hunters and could speak to the natives and the incoming settlers.
Australia - Economy and Enterprise
Robert Campbell from Greenock played such an important role in developing Australian Trade that he was ‘the father of Australian Commerce’.
As late as the 1920’s and 1930s Scots were coming from Lanarkshire and Ayrshire to work in the New South Wales mines.
The Australian banking system was created out of a blend of English and Scottish traditions.
Australia - Culture and Religion
The Church of Scotland helped establish education across the country and took their curriculum from Scottish Schools.
Scots College is a private boarding school for boys in Sydney has a pipe band who wear the tartan of the Black watch regiment.
‘Australian College for Boys’ which opened in 1832 and funds sourced by John Dunmore Lang (Greenock) - who recruited scots teachers.
Australia - Native Societies
In General , Aboriginal people found their traditions and way of life severely disrupted by land Hungry Scots and Europeans.
‘ The Hornet Bank Massacre’ where 8 members of the Scottish ‘Fraser’ family were killed by Aborigines at the ‘Hornet Bank’ sheep farm in 1857 and in revenge William Fraser killed over 100 Aboriginal People.
Scottish emigrants in search of land in Australia came into conflict with Native Aboriginal people as their interests often clashed over ownership of land- natives resented being told where they could/couldn’t go.
New Zealand - Native Societies
The Scots were strangers to the Maoris land and naturally the maori felt threatened and intimidated by the newcomers modern technology.
The Scots who came to New Zealand were classed and ‘Pakeha’ (Europeans) and there were incidents of direct conflict showing that not all Maoris welcomed the immigrants, they felt the Pakeha were stealing.
New Zealand- Culture and Religion
Otago , the first girls school was opened in 1871 by Learmonth White Dalrymple , A scot.
The South Island received Scottish Place names such as paisley, Stirling ,Oban and Roxburgh.
In 1875, the first head of medicine at Otago medical school was a Scot called John Scott.
New Zealand - Economy and Enterprise
Sir Robert Stout, a prominent lawyer , politician and educator, was New Zealand’s prime minister and Chief Justice. He was born in the Shetland Islands.
^ He developed the Civil Service in New Zealand and created a scheme for first offender criminals to go on probation not to jail - ahead of his time.
Henry Niccol also set up a shipyard in Auckland in 1843, over 40 years later, over 180 ships had been built in the company yard.
India - Native Societies
The Indian Mutiny broke out in 1857. Indian troops serving in the East India Company army rebelled, dislike of British rule and Influence as well as fear of conversion to Christianity.
Scottish Soldiers were very important in the crushing of the rebellion. Most of the senior commanders were Scottish ; Generals Colin Campbell, James Hope Grant, James Outram and Hugh Rose.
Sir Colin Campbell is widely credited with the quick suppression of the Indian Mutiny.
India - Education, Culture and Religion
John Wilson was from Lauder in Berwickshire, he had a huge influence in Bombay. The Educational Institution he set up in 1832 was known as the Ambrolie English school
Reverend Alexander Duff (church of Scotland) helped set up the university of Calcutta in 1857. He was so successful that similar schools opened in Bombay,Madras and Nagpur.
India - Economy and Enterprise
When Queen Victoria accepted the title of ‘Empress of India’ in 1887 the ‘Indian Empire’ or ‘Raj’ was born.
The East India trading company was formed in 1708 to trade with what were known as the East Indies.
The Indian Mutiny took place in 1857, the British Government assumed direct control of India after that.
