MIDTERMS: QUIZ 1 METAB-GASTRO & LIVER ALT

Question 1

ASSESSMENT

HADFANBAMN

Answer 1

Health History
Appetite
Dysphagia
Food intolerance
Abdominal pain
Nausea/vomiting
Bowel habits
Abdominal history
Medications
Nutritional assessment

Question 2

noting skin changes, nodules, lesions, scarring, discolorations, inflammation, bruising, or striae.
contour and symmetry of the abdomen

Answer 2

INSPECTION

Question 3

It is used to determine the character, location, and frequency of bowel sounds and to identify vascular sounds.

Answer 3

AUSCULTATION

Question 4

heard about every 5 to 20 seconds

Answer 4

Normal sounds

Question 5

(one or two sounds in 2 minutes)

Answer 5

Hypoactive

Question 6

(five to six sounds heard in less than 30 seconds)

Answer 6

Hyperactive

Question 7

no sounds in 3 to 5 minutes) are frequently used in documentation.

Answer 7

Absent

Question 8

The stool guaiac test looks for hidden (occult) blood in a stool sample.
It is the most common type of fecal occult blood test (FOBT).

Answer 8

Guaiac Test

Question 9

How is the Test Performed?

Guaiac Test

Answer 9

Collect a stool sample from 3 different bowel movements.
For each bowel movement, smear a small amount of the stool on a card provided in the kit.

Question 10

DO NOT take stool samples from the __________ This can cause errors.

Answer 10

toilet bowl water.

Question 11

is the use of a glucose meter for testing the concentration of glucose in the blood.

Answer 11

Blood Glucose Monitoring

Question 12

High blood sugar levels can lead to long-term complications, including:

Answer 12

heart disease
nerve damage
vision problems
poor blood flow
kidney disease

Question 13

Low blood sugar levels can also cause symptoms that include:

Answer 13

confusion
weakness
Dizziness
jitters
Sweating

Question 14

is a procedure that examines the esophagus, stomach and first portion of the duodenum (small intestine) using a long flexible tube with a camera at the end of it.

Answer 14

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

Question 15

Priority Nursing care: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

Answer 15

ssessing for the return of the gag reflex

Question 16

is a procedure to diagnose and treat
problems in the liver, gallbladder, bile ducts,
and pancreas. It combines X-ray and the use
of an endoscope—a long, flexible, lighted
tube.

Answer 16

Endoscopic Retrograde
Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Question 17

is a test to find out the cause of a blockage
in your bile duct.

Answer 17

Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography (PTC)

Question 18

ERCP preparation include the following:

ALLERGiES??

Answer 18

Allergic to any medicines, latex, tape, or anesthesia.
3. Allergic to iodine or contrast dye.

Question 19

is a procedure in which a small needle is
inserted into the liver to collect a tissue
sample.

Answer 19

Liver Biopsy

Question 20

A liver biopsy is most often performed to help identify the
cause of:

Answer 20

Persistent abnormal liver blood tests (liver enzymes).
● Unexplained yellowing of the skin (jaundice).

Question 21

For the week before the procedure, do not take a

(liver biopsy)

Answer 21

aspirin,
products containing aspirin, or anti-inflammatory drugs
(such as ibuprofen, Advil, Motrin, Naprosyn, or Indocin)

Question 22

s a type of Nuclear Medicine testing that
uses a radioactive material to determine the
structure of the liver, gallbladder and biliary
ducts

Answer 22

s a type of Nuclear Medicine testing that
uses a radioactive material to determine the
structure of the liver, gallbladder and biliary
ducts

Question 23

a hormone typically
released by the body after a meal—it forces the gallbladder to
contract, allowing us to see how well it is functioning

Answer 23

CCK (Cholecystokinin)

Question 24

is a potentially life-threatening abdominal emergency
that remains a common cause of hospitalization.

Answer 24

ACUTE GI BLEEDING

Question 25

● is a collection of pus or infected fluid that is
surrounded by inflamed tissue inside the belly. It can
involve any abdominal organ or it can settle in the
folds of the bowel

Answer 25

INTRA-ABDOMINAL ABSCESS

Question 26

occurs when tissue fluid within the peritoneal and
retroperitoneal space accumulates in such large
volumes that the abdominal wall compliance threshold
is crossed and the abdomen can no longer stretch.

Answer 26

HYPERTENSION AND ABDOMINAL COMPARTMENT SYNDROME

Question 27

Hallmark symptoms of ACS include the 6 P’s:

Answer 27

Pain
● Paresthesia
● Poikilothermia
● Pulselessness
● Pallor
● Paralysis

Question 28

is a life-threatening condition that demands urgent
medical care.
● It’s most commonly caused by a hepatitis virus or
drugs, such as acetaminophen

Answer 28

LIVER FAILURE

Question 29

● is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas that is
painful and at times deadly.

Answer 29

ACUTE PANCREATITIS

Question 30

Acute pancreatitis is most often linked to:

Answer 30

gallstones
● drinking too much alcohol

Question 31

specializing in the treatment of obesity

Answer 31

BARIATRIC

Question 32

is an acute, major, life-threatening complication of
diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia,
ketoacidosis, and ketonuria.

Answer 32

DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS

Question 33

It occurs when the body does not produce or use
enough insulin, which is a hormone that absorbs
glucose into cells for use as energy.

Answer 33

HYPERGLYCEMIA

Question 34

It involves extremely high blood sugar (glucose) level
without the presence of ketones

Answer 34

HYPOGLYCEMIA

Question 35

A fluid that patient have to put back to a
former or original state

Answer 35

Volume restoration

Question 36

is a flexible plastic
tube inserted through the nostrils, down the
nasopharynx, and into the stomach or the
upper portion of the small intestine.

Answer 36

Nasogastric suction tubes

Question 37

The use of balloon tamponade in the control
of active variceal bleeding comes as a last
resort when other forms of therapy are not
available or fail to achieve hemostasis.

Answer 37

Esophagogastric balloon tamponade tubes

Question 38

reconstruction consists of a
gastroduodenostomy in which the
anastomosis is created between the gastric
remnant and the duodenum

Answer 38

Billroth I

Question 39

reconstruction consists of a
gastrojejunostomy in which a side-to-side
anastomosis is created between the gastric
remnant and a loop of jejunum, with closure
of the duodenal

Answer 39

Billroth II

Question 40

s a procedure that may be used to reduce
portal hypertension and its complications,
especially variceal bleeding

Answer 40

Trans jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

Question 41

s a surgical procedure that removes a liver
that no longer functions properly (liver
failure) and replaces it with a healthy liver
from a deceased donor or a portion of a
healthy liver from a living donor

Answer 41

. Liver transplantation

Question 42

re used to replenish electrolytes in body
fluids, such as sodium, potassium, calcium,
magnesium, phosphorus, chloride and
bicarbonate.

Answer 42

Electrolyte replacement

Question 43

the process of fast restoring lost water (
dehydration) to the body tissues and fluids

Answer 43

v

Question 44

is a well-known natural treatment for diarrhea.
● It can help treat some of the causes of diarrhea and
relieve gastrointestinal symptoms.

Answer 44

GINGER

Question 45

The _______________ in ginger are known to
help relieve gastrointestinal (GI) irritation, stimulate
saliva and bile production, and suppress gastric
contractions as food and fluids move through the GI
tract.

Answer 45

phenolic compounds

Question 46

contains a
hypoglycemic polypeptide, a plant insulin responsible
for its blood sugar lowering effect. Other benefits
suggested were body detoxification (including
removal of nicotine), strengthening of the immune
system and fertility regulation.

Answer 46

BITTER FRUIT (AMPALAYA)

Question 47

High Levels of Antioxidants: Ampalaya is rich in antioxidants
including

Answer 47

vitamins A, B, C, and E, as well as carotenoids