MIDTERMS Flashcards
basic method humans use to organize the living
world.
SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION
He places all organisms
into two groups :
Plants and Animals
Aristotle
Plants were classified according to their
size and morphology into three:
Herbs
Shrubs
Trees
Classified organisms by their
structure
Carolus Linnaeus
Developed the naming system:
binomial (2 name)
Genus and Species
was the first formal system of
taxonomy
Linnaeus system of classification
is the science of naming and
classifying organisms.
Taxonomy
is a two-part scientific naming
system.
Binomial nomenclature
is a group of organisms that have similar
traits and are able to produce fertile offspring.
Species
- is a group of similar species.
Genus
the second part of a scientific name.
species descriptor
There is a hierarchy of groups (taxa)
from broadest to most specific
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class,
Order, Family, Genus, species
(Brother John)
Three Domains:
• Archaea
• Bacteria
• Eukarya
Domain
Bacteria
Kingdom
Eubacteria
Domain Archaea
Kingdom
Archaebacteria
Domain
Eukarya
Kingdom
Plantae
Kingdom
Protista
Kingdom
Fungi
Kingdom
Animalia
are unicellular
prokaryotes (no nucleus or membrane-
bound organelles)
Archaea and Bacteria
are more complex and have a
nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Eukarya
• Probably the 1
st cells to evolve
ARCHAEA
Found in:
– Sewage Treatment Plants
(Methanogens)
– Thermal or Volcanic Vents
(Thermophiles)
– Hot Springs or Geysers that are acid
– Very salty water (Dead Sea; Great
Salt Lake) - Halophiles
Archaea
Kingdom - EUBACTERIA
Some may cause DISEASE
Found in ALL HABITATS except harsh
ones
• Important decomposers for environment
• Commercially important in making cottage
cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, etc.
BACTERIA
Some may cause DISEASE
Found in ALL HABITATS except harsh
ones
• Important decomposers for environment
• Commercially important in making cottage
cheese, yogurt, buttermilk, etc.
BACTERIA
Domain Eukarya is Divided into Kingdoms
• Monera (do not possess any
membrane-bound organelles.…)
• Protista (protozoans, algae…)
• Fungi (mushrooms, yeasts …)
• Plantae (multicellular plants)
• Animalia (multicellular animals)
• They are all unicellular. They sometimes form colonies.
MONERA KINGDOM
• They can be unicellular, or multicellular with no tissues.
PROTOCTISTA KINGDOM
• They are heterotrophic decomposers.
• They can be unicellular, or multicellular with no tissues.
FUNGI KINGDOM
• They are autotrophic organisms.
• They are multicellular organisms with tissues. Some have
organs.
• Composed of organisms with eukaryotic cells.
PLANT KINGDOM
• They are heterotrophic organisms.
• They are multicellular organisms with tissues.
• Composed of organisms with eukaryotic cells.
ANIMAL KINGDOM
-is the study of the ways organisms interact with each other and
with their non-living surroundings
ECOLOGY
• Plants
• Animals
• Human
• Birds
• Bacteria
Living
Component
Is everything in
the surrounding
conditions that
affect organisms
during its lifetime
Environment
• Air
• Water
• Soil
• Sunlight
• table
Non-living
component
ENVIRONMENT is subdivided into two:
Biotic Environment and Abiotic Environment
Levels of
Organization
studied in
Ecology…
Atoms
Molecule
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere
● Refer to large terrestrial
geographic regions
containing distinctive
plant communities.
Biomes
Different Types of Biomes
DESERT
GRASSLAND
TEMPERATE GRASSLAND
FOREST
TROPICAL RAINFOREST
TROPICAL SEASONAL FOREST
It is a very dry, often barren biome
characterized by temperature extremes and
by widely spaced plants with thick waxy
leaves and often protective spines.
DESERT
are dominated by grasses, and a rich
away of deep-rooted beautifully
flowering non-grass species. They have a
few trees because of inadequate and
frequent grass fire that kills woody
seedlings.
GRASSLANDS
This covers extensive areas in the
interior of continents where there
are enough moisture to support
forest or woodland.
TEMPERATE GRASSLAND
are regions where trees grow as a
result of inadequate temperature.
FOREST
