Finals 1 Flashcards
a is often defined as the
largest group of organisms in
which two individuals can produce
fertile offspring, typically by sexual
reproduction
species
❑ is a natural process of biological
changes occurring in a population
across successive generations
❑It helps us identify and analyze man’s
physiological development which is
important in his subsistence
EVOLUTION
❑is the lengthy process of change by which
people originated from apelike ancestors.
Human Evolution
is the scientific study of
human evolution.
❑It is a subfield of anthropology, the study of
human culture, society, and biology. The field
involves an understanding of the similarities
and differences between humans and other
species in their genes, body form, physiology,
and behavior
Paleoanthropology
refers to the things earlier
people made and the places where scientists find them.
Archeological evidence
❑Human evolution is characterized by several
morphological, developmental, physiological, and
behavioral changes.
❑The most significant of these adaptations are
- Bipedalism (1.9 million years ago)
- Increased brain size
- Lengthened ontogeny (embryo-adult)
- Decreased sexual dimorphism
1859 Charles Darwin
publishes the ‘
Origin of
Species’.
– old stone age
“PALEOTHIC”
Hunting (men) & gathering
(women)
-NOMADIC
Paleolithic Age
Human during this period found
shelter in caves
Paleolithic Age
new stone
“Neolithic” –
settled, stationary lifestyle
agricultural production and
domestication of animals
Neolithic Age
Humans have evolved from 2 species
Australopithecine species
-Homo species
❑ originated in Africa about 6-7 million
years ago.
Hominins (Homo Sapiens)
had a small brain but probably
walked upright.
Homo sapiens
had a small brain but probably
walked upright.
Homo sapiens
Are a paraphyletic assemblage of homonins living between 4 and 2 million years ago
Australipiths
Some species walled fully erect
Australopiths
Australopiths had sturdy skulls and powerful jaws
Robust
Australopiths were more slender and had lighter jaws
Gracile
Australopiths got their name from the 1924 duscovery in South Africa of
Australopithicus africanus
Walked fully upright (bipedal)
Australopithicus Africanus
Had human like hands and teeth
Australopithicus Africanus
Had a brain ⅓ of present humans
Australopithicus Africanus
Was an Australopithicus africanus that lived more than 2-million years ago in the cradle of humankind
Mrs Ples
Skeleton was discovered in Afar (Ethiopia) in 1974
Australopithicus Afarensis
Arms longer than humans - aboreal movement
Australopithicus Afarensis
The earliest fossils placed in our genus Homo are those of _____ ranging in age from about 2.4 to 1.6 million years
Homo habilis
Stone tools have been found with ____ giving this species it’s name which means hqndy man
Homo habilis
Species with brain of
Broca’s area which is
associated with
speech in modern
humans and was the
first to make stone
stool
HOMO HABILIS
is an extinct
species of early human that
lived approximately 1.9 to 1.8
million years ago during the
early Pleistocene.
Homo Rudolfensis
It is characterized by a longer
face, larger molar and premolar
teeth, and a larger braincase
compared to Habilis particularly
larger frontal lobes areas of the
brain that process information.
HOMO RUDOLFENSIS
lived approximately 1.9
million to 110,000 years ago and is
known for its widespread geographic
range, from Africa to Asia and parts of
Europe.
Homo erectus
“upright man” with body proportions
similar to modern humans
HOMO ERECTUS
The first hunters with improvised tools
such as axes and knives were the first
to produce fire.
HOMO ERECTUS
is an extinct species of
early human that lived approximately 600,000 to
200,000 years ago. This species is believed to
have evolved from Homo erectus and is
considered a common ancestor of both modern
humans
Homo heidelbergensis
A prominent brow ridge, a large face, and a
robust cranial structure characterized the skull.
HOMO HEIDELBERGENESIS
First early human species to live in colder
climates.
HOMO HEIDELBERGENESIS
“Hobbit” due to their
small statue with
height of more or 3ft
and lived 95k-19k
years ago in the island
of Flores, Indonesia
HOMO FLORIENSIS
“Wise Man”
The present human
race belongs to this
specie
HOMO SAPIENS
“Wise Man”
The present human
race belongs to this
specie
HOMO SAPIENS
They were thick-boned with a larger brain, they buried their dead, and they made hunting tool
Homo Neanderrhalensis
“CRO-MAGNON”
They were the first to
produce art in cave
paintings and crafting
decorated tools and
accessories.
HOMO SAPIENS SAPIEUS
“CRO-MAGNON”
They were the first to
produce art in cave
paintings and crafting
decorated tools and
accessories.
HOMO SAPIENS SAPIEUS
