MIDTERM: QUIZ 1 Flashcards
are systematic guides for developing ethical behavior. They answer normative questions of what beliefs and values should be normally accepted.
Code of Ethics
A highlight on the creation of Nurses Code of Ethics was composed by a nursing instructor
Lystra Gretter in 1893
one who wrote the following words that best describes the code of ethics of nurses in the oath for nurses:
“to abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous and will not take or knowingly administer any harmful drug.”
known as the Philippines Nursing Law, and Section 6 of P.D No. 223, the
Pursuant to Sec. 3 of RA No. 877
known as the Philippines Nursing Law, and Section 6 of P.D No. 223, the Amended Code of Ethics for Nurses recommended and endorsed by the
PNA was adopted to govern the practice of nursing in the Philippines.
was adopted and integrated, as they apply to the nursing profession.
Code of Good Governance for the Professions
Article I
Preamble
Article II
Registered Nurses and People
Article III
Registered Nurses and Practice
Article IV
Registered Nurses and
Co-worker
Article V
Registered Nurses, Society, and
Environment
Article VI
Registered Nurses and the
Profession
Article VII –
Administrative Penalties,
Repealing, Clause and Effectivity
implies a commitment to a life of sacrifice and genuine selflessness.
Service to others
perform the responsibilities with the highest sense of integrity and imbued with nationalism and spiritual values.
Integrity and Objectivity
certain level of competence is necessary, i.e., knowledge, technical skills, attitudes and experience.
Professional Competence
maintain and support professional organization.
Solidarity and Teamwork
consistent with their responsibilities to society and as Filipinos, contribute to the attainment of the country’s national objectives.
Social and Civic Responsibility
professionals shall remain open to the challenges of a more dynamic and interconnected world.
Global Competitiveness
OTHERWISE KNOWN AS “ THE PHILIPPINE NURSING ACT OF 1991”
ACT NO. 7164
all professionals shall treat their colleagues with respect and strive to be fair in their dealings with one another.
Equality of All Professions
ACT PROVIDING FOR A MORE RESPONSIVE NURSING PROFESSION, REPEALING FOR THE PURPOSE REPUBLIC
Republic Act No. 9173
Article I PNA
Title
Article II PNA
Declaration of Policy
Article III PNA
Organization of the Board of Nursing
Article IV PNA
Examination and Registration
Article V PNA
Nursing education
Article VI PNA
Nursing Practice
Article VII PNA
Health Human Resource Production, Utilization and Development
Article VIII PNA
Penal and Miscellaneous Provisions
Article IX PNA
Final Provisions
refers to the commission or omission of an act, pursuant to a duty, that a reasonably prudent person in the same or similar circumstance would or would not do, and acting or the non-acting of which is the proximate cause of injury to another person or his property.
Professional Negligence
Failure to report observations to attending
physician.
SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF NEGLIGENCE
The most common defense in a negligent action is
when nurses know and attain that standard of care in giving service and that they have documented the care they give in a concise and accurate manner.
Nurses shall exercise their __________________________________ in order to prevent lawsuits or harm to themselves.
sound judgement and utilize standards of care
Res Ipsa Loquitor means
“the thing speaks for itself”.
implies the idea of improper or unskillful care of a patient by a nurse. Malpractice also denotes stepping beyond one’s authority with serious consequences.
MALPRACTICE
lack of ability, or legal qualifications and being unfit to discharge the required duty.
INCOMPETENCE
is the imminent threat of harmful or offensive bodily contact.
Assault
The term “force majeure” means
an irresistible force, one that is unforeseen or inevitable.
DOCTRINE OF RESPONDEAT SUPERIOR
The term means
“let the master answer for the acts of the subordinate”
is a legal wrong, committed against a person or property independent of a contract which renders the person who commits it liable for damages in a civil action.
INTENTIONAL WRONGS:
TORTS
The right of privacy is the right to be left alone, the right to be free from unwarranted publicity and exposure to public view.
Confidentiality.
Character assassination, be it written or spoken, constitute defamation.
Defamation.
is an intentional, unconsented touching of another person.
Battery
means the unjustifiable detention of a person without a legal warrant within boundaries fixed by the defendant by an act or violation of duty intended to result in such confinement.
False imprisonment
is oral defamation of a person by speaking unprivileged or false words by which his reputation is damaged.
Slander
is defamation by written words, or such representations that caused a person to be avoided or tend to injure him in his work.
Libel
Criminal offenses are composed of two elements:
Criminal act
Evil/criminal intent
a crime exists when two or more persons agree to commit a felony and decide to do it.
Conspiracy to commit a crime. v
those who take a direct part in the execution of the act.
Principals
those persons who, not being principals, cooperate in the execution of the offense by previous or simultaneous act.
Accomplices
those who, having knowledge of the commission of the crime, either as principals or accomplices
Accessories
deal with the acts or offenses against public welfare
Criminal Actions
general name for a criminal offense which does not in law amount to felony.
Misdemeanor
is a public offense for which a convicted person is liable to be sentenced to death or to be imprisoned.
Felony
crime committed by means of fault or culpa. It disregards the life and safety of others.
Criminal Negligence
when a person does an act or fails to do it voluntarily but without malice, from which material damage results immediately.
Reckless imprudence
when a person or nurse did not use precaution and the damage was not immediate or the impending danger was not evident or manifest.
Simple imprudence
the state of mind of a person at the time the criminal act is committed, that is, he knows that an act is not lawful and still decided to do it anyway.
Criminal Intent
are classified according to the degree of the acts of execution which produces the felony into:
Felonies
when all the elements necessary for its execution and accomplishment are present.
Consummated
when the offendor performs all the acts or execution which will produce the felony as a consequence but which nevertheless, do not produce it by reason of causes independent of the will of the perpetrator.
Frustrated
to commit a felony when the offender commences the commission of the same directly by overt acts, and does not perform all the acts.
Attempted
an act of baseness, vileness or depravity in social or private duties which a man owes to his fellow man or to society in general.
Moral Turpitude
unlawful killing of a human being with intent to kill. It is a very serious crime.
Murder
killing of a human being by another
Homicide
any person who, with the intention of prematurely ending a pregnancy, willfully and unlawfully does any act to cause the same is guilty of procuring abortion.
Abortion
is the killing of a child less than three (3) days of age.
Infanticide
a crime committed by one who kills his/her father, mother or child whether legitimate or illegitimate, or any of his/her ascendants or descendants or his/her spouse.
Parricide
crime against a person or property.
Robbery
known as the Dangerous Drug Act of 1972 covers the administration and regulation of the manufacture, distribution, and dispensing of controlled drugs.
Republic Act 6425
is a legal declaration of a person’s intentions upon death. It is called a
___________ because it takes effect after the death of its maker.
testamentary document
is a legal declaration of a person’s intentions upon death. It is called a testamentary document because it takes effect after the death of its maker.
WILLS
is a person whose property is transmitted through succession whether or not he left a will. If he left a will, he is also called a
testator.
is a person whose property is transmitted through succession whether or not he left a will. If he left a will, he is also called a testator.
DECEDENT
person called to succession either by the provision of a will or by operation of law.
heir
s a meeting of minds between two persons whereby one binds himself, with respect to the other, to give something or render some service.
CONTRACT
refers to an agreement among parties involved and is required to be in writing by some special laws.
Formal Contract
is one which is concluded as the result of a written document or correspondence where the law does not require the same to be in writing, or as the result of oral and open discussion between the parties.
Informal Contract
is one in which the conditions and terms of the contract are given orally or in writing by the parties concerned.
Express Contract
facio ut des
I do that you may give”
is one that is concluded as a result of acts of conduct of the parties to which the law ascribes an objective intention to enter into a contract.
Implied Contract
is one that is inexistent from the very beginning and therefore may not be enforced.
Void Contract
is one that is expressly prohibited by law.
Illegal contract
obtained through use of fraud (deception and trickery), undue (unlawful) influence or duress (coercion) in securing such, and those that are expressly prohibited by law are illegal.
Illegal Contracts
is failure to perform an agreement, whether expressed or implied, without cause.
Breach of contract
is a law approved by former Pres. Corazon C. Aquino on March 26, 1992, and authored by Sen. Edgardo Angara, is
R.A 7305.
R.A 7305.
“Magna Carta for Public Health Workers”
is defined as process of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling the managerial function of nursing in order to determine and accomplish the objectives of nursing care.
Nursing management
Characteristics of Management Process
SINGDU
Systematic
Dynamic
Interpersonal
Goal-Directed
Universally applicable
it has an ordered sequence of activities.
Systematic
it has great interaction and overlapping among the activities and each activity is fluid and flows into the next activity.
Dynamic
it ensures that nurses are patient-centered rather than task-centered
Interpersonal
it is a means for nurses and patients to work together to identify specific goals.
Goal-Directed
it allows nurses to practice nursing with well or ill people, young or old and in any type of practice setting.
Universally applicable
proficiency in a particular workplace.
TECHNICAL SKILLS
involves human relations
INTERPERSONAL SKILL
ability to see the organization as a whole.
CONCEPTUAL SKILL
used to investigate problems, decide on a remedy, and implement a solution.
DIAGNOSTIC SKILL
obtaining power and preventing other employees from taking away one’s power.
POLITICAL SKILL
NURSING MANAGEMENT PROCESS:
Focuses on
POSDC
Planning
Organizing
Staffing
Directing
Controlling
Is pre-determining a course of action in order to arrive at a desired result.
Is the process of establishing goals, defining, and developing strategy and tactic for action.
PLANNING
Components of Planning: Predetermined Action
Qs?
What to do
How to do it
Who is to do it
3-5 yrs long-term planning
Defines the direction and growth of the organization.
Prepared by top level management
Strategic Plans
Tactics, techniques
1 yr short term planning
Involves middle & lower level managers
OPERATING PLANS
Mapping the day-to-day activities
Implements the nursing care plan
Done by the staff
Continuous or Rolling Plans
3 TYPES of PLAN
SOC
Strategic Plans
OPERATING PLANS
Continuous or Rolling Plans
Top Management:
Nursing Directors, Chief Nurse
Scope?
Over-all management of the organization (set over – all goals and policies)
Middle Mgt.:
Nurse Supervisors
Scope?
Directs to implement the broad operating policies
Staffing & delivery of services to the unit heads.
Formulation of policies, rules & regulations, methods & procedures.
First Level Mgt.:
Head Nurse,
Scope?
Daily schedule
Senior Nurse,
Charge Nurse
Scope?
Weekly plans of patient care.
Why Nurse-Managers Fail to Plan Effectively?
Lack of knowledge
Lack of understanding of the significance of planning
Lack of proper appreciation of use of time for planning
Lack of confidence and fear of failure
ELEMENTS OF PLANNING
DEPPSF
Forecasting
Setting goals and objectives
Developing and Scheduling Programs
Preparing the Budgeting
Establishment of Nursing Standards, Policies & Procedures
estimates the future, the environment in which the plan will operate…
FORECASTING
are broad statements of intent derived from the purposes of organization.
Goals
are specific behavior or tasks set for the accomplishment of goal.
Objectives
an annual operating plan.
a financial roadmap.
is a plan for future activities expressed in operational as well as financial or monetary
Budget
is a plan for allocation of resources based on preconceived needs, for a proposed series of programs to deliver patient care during fiscal year.
Nursing Budget
is a financial plan to meet the future service expectations. ( manpower, equipment, supplies)
Hospital Budget
FOUR Components of Budget
Revenue
Expense budget
Capital
Cash
summarizes the income management
Revenue budget
describes expected activity in operational and financial terms for a given period of time.
Expense budget
outlines the programmed acquisitions, disposals and improvement in the institutions physical capacity.
Capital budget
represents the planned cash receipts and disbursement as well as the cash balances expected during the planning period
Cash budget
indicate a level of quality or achievement
Standard
broad guidelines, standing plans used repeatedly, or basic rules that governs action at all levels in the organization.
Policies
are more specific guides or directions for implementing written policies.
Procedures
should be available in each unit to be familiarized in the nursing unit. It should be reviewed, updated and revised with the maximum involvement from the nursing staff.
Nursing procedure manuals
MODELS OF PLANNING
“Basic” Strategic Planning
Issue-Based or Goal – Based Planning
Alignment Model
Scenario Planning
“Organic” or Self-Organizing Planning
Functional planning
Cross-Sectional planning
Operational Planning
