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Public Health > Midterm Part 3 > Flashcards

Midterm Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 leading chronic diseases in the US?

A 
1-Heart disease and Stroke
2- Cancer
3- Diabetes
4- Arthritis
5- Obesity
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2
Q

What are the 5 leading causes of Death in the US?

A 
1- Heart Disease
2- Cancer
3- Chronic Respiratory Diseases
4-Stroke
5- Accidents
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3
Q

T/F: Diabetes is one of the 5 leading causes of death in the US.

A

False; it is however one of the leading chronic diseases.

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4
Q

T/F: Stroke is the #2 cause of death in the US.

A

False; #4 but is #1 on chronic disease list along with Heart disease

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5
Q

T/F: 1/2 of American adults are currently affected by Heart Disease.

A

False; 1/3

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6
Q

Who is more likely to develop heart disease in their lifetime, men or women?

A

men (67%) women (50%)

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7
Q

T/F: Other than the year 1918, Heart Disease has been the #1 cause of death in the US since 1900.

A

True

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8
Q

What is the name of the study that has been going on since the 1940s,, has 3 generations of subjects enrolled, and has provided over 100 scientific publications on risk factors for heart disease?

A

Framingham Heart Study

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9
Q

T/F: Studies have shown that comprehensive lifestyle changes (diet and exercise, etc) can reduce severe atherosclerosis by as much as 82% without the use of lipid-lowering drugs.

A

True

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10
Q

T/F: decreasing inflammation can decrease the risk of heart disease

A

true

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11
Q

What is the #2 cause of death overall in developed countries and the leading cause of death in people younger than 85?

A

Cancer

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12
Q

What are the 3 most common cancers?

A

lung, breast, and colorectal

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13
Q

What is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men? in women?

A

prostate;

breast

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14
Q

What type of cancer most commonly results in death for men? for women?

A

lung for both

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15
Q

T/F: Colorectal cancer is the #3 diagnosed cancer in both men and women and is also the #3 type of cancer that results in death.

A

True

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16
Q

T/F: About 80% of Lung cancer is due to smoking.

A

true

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17
Q

What is the most common cause of cancer=related death in both men and women?

A

lung cancer

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18
Q

T/F: asbestos, radon, arsenic, tar soot, nickel, silica, chromium, and alcohol are all risk factors for lung cancer.

A

True

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19
Q

T/F: The incidence of breast cancer has increased.

A

True

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20
Q

T/F: 50% of women with breast cancer have no known risk factors.

A

False; actually 60%

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21
Q

T/F: oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy have been shown to reduce the risk of breast cancer.

A

False; these increase the risk

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22
Q

When are most cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed?

A

over the age of 50 (90% of cases)

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23
Q

T/F: Eating an increase in fiber can increase the risk of colorectal cancer.

A

False; this will decrease the risk

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24
Q

T/F: 1/3 of men under the age of 50 have histological evidence of prostate cancer.

A

True

25
Q

What is the most likely cause of death in men over the age of 80?

A

Prostate cancer

26
Q

T/F: Increasing calcium intake can reduce the risk of prostate cancer

A

False; decreasing can

27
Q

What kind of tea has been shown to reduce the risk of prostate cancer?

A

green tea

28
Q

How much has the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes increased in the middle aged in the past 30 years?

A

doubled

29
Q

What is the lifetime risk of type 2 diabetes in the US for men? for women?

A

men - 33%

women - 40%

30
Q

T/F: smoking can greatly increase the risk of diabetes.

A

True

31
Q

How many americans have some from of physician-diagnosed arthritis?

A

50 million

32
Q

How many US adults are expected to have arthritis by the year 2030?

A

67 million

33
Q

T/F: Arthritis is one of the most common disorders in the world.

A

True

34
Q

What percent of people over the age of 75 suffer from OA?

A

80%

35
Q

What is the most common joint disorder in the world?

A

Osteoarthritis (OA)

36
Q

What are the most common joints to develop OA?

A

hand, knee, hip, and intervertebral facet joints

37
Q

T/F: Men have a slightly higher prevalence than women.

A

False; vice versa

38
Q

T/F: Rheumatoid Arthritis affects 1.3 million adults and almost 3 thousand children (JRA).

A

False; 1.3 million adults, 300,000 children

39
Q

T/F: At the current rate, all American adults are predicted to be overweight or obese by 2058.

A

False; 2048

40
Q

What is the BMI range for overweight? obese?

A

25-29

30 and above

41
Q

What is the worst kind of fat deposition?

A

central adiposity

42
Q

T/F: the rates of obesity in kids have tripled.

A

True

43
Q

What percentage of adults currently are overweight or obese?

A

33%

44
Q

What are the most common, costly, and most preventable diseases?

A

Chronic diseases

45
Q

What is a sedentary lifestyle?

A

no leisure-time physical activity in a 2 week period

46
Q

What is the current recommendation for daily physical activity?

A

30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity on most or all days of the week

47
Q

What is the leading cause of preventable illness and death in the US?

A

Tobacco

48
Q

What are the 3 other names for Environmental Tobacco Smoke?

A

secondhand smoke
involuntary smoking
passive smoking

49
Q

T/F: Secondhand smoke contains at least 69 known carcinogens.

A

True

50
Q

What is mainstream smoke? sidestream smoke?

A

mainstream is exhaled by the smoker;

sidestream is released directly from the smoldering cigarette

51
Q

What is worse for you, mainstream or sidestream smoke? why?

A

sidestream, it has not been filtered by the smoker’s lungs

52
Q

What part of pregnancy is it most important to avoid smoking?

A

last 6 months

53
Q

What are the 3 main risks to the baby during pregnancy from the mother smoking?

A

birth defects, premature birth, and LOW BIRTH WEIGHT

54
Q

What is the 3rd leading cause of preventable mortality in the US?

A

alcohol

55
Q

T/F:52% of Americans 12 years and older are current drinkers

A

True

56
Q

How many drinks on a single occasion is considered binge drinking for me? for women?

A

more than 5

more than 4

57
Q

What is the #1 rape drug?

A

alcohol

58
Q

T/F: low to moderate amounts of alcohol may reduce the risk of heart disease, gallstones, and diabetes.

A

True

Public Health (8 decks)

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