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Public Health > Midterm Part 1 > Flashcards

Midterm Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of Health as defined by the World Health Organization?

A

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

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2
Q

T/F: Public health is clearly defined by WHO and this definition is universally accepted.

A

False; there is not one, universally accepted, definition of public health

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3
Q

What is the oldest and largest organization of public health professionals in the world?

A

American Public Health Association (1872)

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4
Q

What organization defines Public Health as a series of individuals, communities, activities and programs working to PROMOTE health, PREVENT disease/injury/premature death, and to ENSURE conditions in which we all can be safe and healthy?

A

American Public Health Association (APHA)

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5
Q

What organization defines public health as what we as a society do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy?

A

the Institute of Medicine

IOM

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6
Q

What are the 3 parts of the Triad/Triangle of Health?

A

Host, Agent, and Environment

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7
Q

What is the main goal of public health?

A

prevention

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8
Q

What are the 3 core functions of the 10 essential public health services?

A

Assessment, Policy development, and Assurance

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9
Q

Which core function of public health services would monitoring the health of a community fall under?

A

Assessment

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10
Q

Which core function of public health services would informing/educating people about health issues fall under?

A

policy development

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11
Q

Which core function of public health services would enforcing laws (regulations that protect health/ensure safety) fall under?

A

Assurance

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12
Q

What should the goal of any community or health care provider be?

A

to prolong the number of years of healthy life of the population

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13
Q

What is the term for the incidence of disease within a population?

A

Morbidity

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14
Q

What is the term for the number of people who have died from a disease or condition?

A

Mortality

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15
Q

T/F: Life expectancy is defined as the limit of natural life./

A

False; this is the definition of life span

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16
Q

What is the term for the average length of life a person or group is likely to live?

A

life expectancy

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17
Q

What is the current life expectancy?

A

78

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18
Q

Since the year 1900, life expectancy has risen from between late 40s-early 50s to an average life expectancy in the late 70s - early 80s. How many of those years have been attributed to advances in public health?

A

25

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19
Q

T/F: Primary care is typically based in an office setting (outpatient).

A

True

20
Q

T/F: Tertiary care emphasizes prevention, health promotion, and health maintenance.

A

False; this is true of primary care

21
Q

T/F: Primary care is more specific than general.

A

False; primary care is more general than specific (i.e. screenings)

22
Q

T/F: Secondary care is considered hospital setting-based.

A

True

23
Q

Patients who have been rendered at least partially non-ambulatory by their health problem and are bed-ridden for at least a portion of the day typically seek which type of care, secondary or tertiary?

A

Secondary care

24
Q

T/F: Tertiary care includes so-called “routine surgeries” and is more specialized, intensive and costly than primary care.

A

False; this is true of secondary care

25
Q

Which type of care uses more advanced techniques, equipment and personnel - secondary or tertiary?

A

Tertiary

26
Q

Which type of care is most expensive. primary, secondary, or tertiary?

A

tertiary

27
Q

What’s the simple way to discern primary, secondary and tertiary care?

A

Primary - Doc in the Box
Secondary - Imaging center
Tertiary - Mayo Clinic Specialized Surgery

28
Q

T/F: Chiropractic Care is very specific and is thus considered Tertiary Care.

A

False; considered primary care (think prevention)

29
Q

What is the term for Prevention of the occurence or the incidence of illness or injury via risk reduction in susceptible population?

A

Primary Prevention

30
Q

What is the term fro prevention of disease/injury progression via early detection and prompt intervention?

A

Secondary Prevention (reduce the extent of the burden)

31
Q

What type of prevention is carried out by ongoing care/rehab with the intent of preventing permanent disability/death?

A

Tertiary Prevention

32
Q

What are the 3 major underlying resources of healthcare infrastructure (how public health services are organized and delivered)?

A

Agencies, People, and Funding

33
Q

What are the 3 major types of Agencies?

A

Governmental (public),
Quasi-Governmental (hybrid)
Non-governmental (private - NGO)

34
Q

What 4 main levels are Governmental Agencies found at?

A

International (WHO)
National (CDC)
State (Iowa Dept of Health)
Local (Scott County HD)

35
Q

What is the primary funding fro Governmental Agencies like the CDC?

A

taxes or assessments

36
Q

T/F: All countries have a primary dept or agency responsible for the health of the citizens.

A

True

37
Q

What is the largest department of the US federal government?>

A

Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) - 25% of total budget

38
Q

What Government Agency was established in 1946 in Atlanta?

A

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

39
Q

T/F: The CDC was established 2 years after the WHO.

A

False; the CDC was established 2 years BEFORE WHO (1946 and 1948)

40
Q

T/F: Other health agencies that contribute to the nation’s health in the US include the USDA, OSHA, EPA, and DHS.

A

True

41
Q

T/F: Not all states have their own Dept of Health.

A

False

42
Q

T/F: the local health departments are the responsibility of the city or county government and there are almost 3,000 nationwide

A

True

43
Q

What is an example of a Quasi-governmental agency?

A

Red Cross

44
Q

What are the “Big Three” Non-governmental organizations?

A

American Cancer Society
American Heart Association
American Lung Association

45
Q

What type of agency is the American Public Health Association?

A

NGO

46
Q

What type of agency is the World Federation of Chiropractic?

A

Has status with the WHO as a formally affiliated NGO

47
Q

T/F: Most Service, Social, and Religious Organizations that sponsor health-related programs are considered Quasi-Governmental Agencies.

A

False; Nongovernmental Health Agencies

Public Health (8 decks)

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