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Public Health > Final Part 3 > Flashcards

Final Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What 1976 primary law governing the disposal of solid and hazardous waste is abbreviated RCRA?

A

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of solid waste management?

A

collection/disposal, source reduction, and recycling

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3
Q

Which type of solid waste management is the most common and economical method worldwide and involves landfills?

A

Disposal

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4
Q

What is the term for liquids created when water mixes with wastes and drains from beneath a landfill?

A

Leachates

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5
Q

What is the second most common method of disposal?

A

combustion (incineration)

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6
Q

What is the term for a solid waste or combination of solid wastes that is dangerous to human health and the environment?

A

Hazardous waste

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7
Q

What is the name for the strict system RCRA established to control hazardous wastes from generation to disposal?

A

cradle-to-grave regulation

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8
Q

What is the most common mean of hazardous waste management, handling 34% of hazardous waste?

A

Deep well injection

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9
Q

What is the best solution for hazardous waste management?

A

Hazardous Waste Recycling (source reduction)

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10
Q

Which type of hazardous waste management involves using microorganisms to destroy the hazardous substances?

A

bioremediation

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11
Q

When it comes to hazardous waste cleanup CERCLA created the priority list and makes responsible parties pay. What does CERCLA stand for?

A

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980

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12
Q

USTs have a big proble with leakage which leads to concern about water contamination and buildup of gases. What are USTs?

A

Underground Storage Tanks

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13
Q

What is the term for abandoned industrial sites used for hazardous waste cleanup where cleanup and reuse are difficult?

A

Brownfields

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14
Q

What is the term for contamination of the air that interferes with the comfort, safety, and health of living organisms?

A

Air pollution

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15
Q

Who is especially susceptible to airborne pollutants?

A

children and elderly

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16
Q

What Act was passed by Congress in 1963, amended 3 times (70, 77, and 90), and sets limits on pollution? what are the pollutants of greatest concern called?

A

Clean Air Act;

criteria pollutants

17
Q

T/F: Acid rain can be in snow, dew, drizzle, fog, or sleet.

A

True

18
Q

What is caused by greenhouse gases such as chlorofluorocarbons and CO2?

A

Global warming

19
Q

What are the major cause of ozone layer destruction?

A

CFCs

20
Q

What is caused by a combination of NO+VOC+sunlight and is aka ground-level ozone?

A

Photo-chemical smog

21
Q

The Clean Air Act of 1990 has severe monetary penalties for whom?

A

for plants that release excess pollutants

22
Q

T/F: Indoor air pollution like radon, ETS, and asbestos can be more of threat than outdoor air pollution.

A

True

23
Q

During the energy crisis of the 1970s, indoor air quality created an ill health condition called what?

A

Sick building syndrome

24
Q

T/F: While 70% of the planet is covered in water, only 3% is fresh water, and only 1% is easily accessible.

A

True

25
Q

What is the term for underground soil formations saturated with water and available for human use by pumping?

A

aquifers

26
Q

What is the term for any physical or chemical change in the water that can harm living organisms or make it unfit for other uses?

A

Water pollution

27
Q

What is the term for the single identifiable source that discharges pollutants into the water?

A

Point source pollution

28
Q

What is the term for all pollution that occurs through runoff, seepage, or falling of pollutants into the water?

A

Nonpoint source pollution

29
Q

What is the term for a water exposure in which at least 2 people have been epidemiologically linked to recreational or drinking water by location, time, and illness?

A

Waterborne disease outbreak (WBDO)

30
Q

In the past decade 2 new pollutants have been detected in our waterways and are raising health concerns. They are abbreviated EDCs and PPCPs. What are they?

A

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals;

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products

31
Q

Which new type of pollutant is aka Xenoestrogens?

A

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs)

32
Q

T/F: The Clean Water Act (1972) regulates point-source pollution.

A

True

33
Q

T/F: The Clean Water Act (1972) regulates drinking water supply.

A

False; this is The Safe Drinking Water Act (1974)

Public Health (8 decks)

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